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DAS CCEA GCSE Physics 2 > P2.3 Electricity > Flashcards

P2.3 Electricity Flashcards

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1
Q

What is meant by the term electricity?

A

The flow of negatively charged electrons around a circuit

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2
Q

What do conductors have to make them work?

A

Free electrons

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3
Q

How do insulators work?

A

They do not have free electrons

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4
Q

How does current flow?

A

From the negative terminal to the positive terminal

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5
Q

What unit is charge in?

A

Couloms

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6
Q

What unit is current (i) in?

A

Amps

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7
Q

What unit is time in?

A

Seconds

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8
Q

What is the formula for total charge?

A

Charge= current x time

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9
Q

What is meant by voltage?

A

The force of the electrons flowing around the current which comes from the batteries and is used up in all components

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10
Q

When will voltage only be provided to a circuit?

A

If one side has a negative terminal and the other side has a positive terminal

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11
Q

What is meant by the total voltage in the circuit? (Def)

A

The sum of the batteries that are connected the right way minus the batteries that are connected the wrong way

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12
Q

What is an ammeter used to measure and how is it connected?

A

Used to measure current and is connected in series

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13
Q

What happens to the current when it is in series?

A

It is the same at all points

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14
Q

What happens to the current when it is in parallel?

A

Current is divided amongst all branches

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15
Q

What does a voltmeter measure and how is it connected?

A

Measures voltage
Connected in parallel

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16
Q

What is meant by resistance?

A

The opposition to the flow of a current through a wire or component

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17
Q

What is the formula for voltage?

A

Voltage=current x resistance

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18
Q

What unit is voltage gave in?

A

Volts

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19
Q

What unit is resistance gave in?

A

Ohms

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20
Q

What are the 4 factors that affect resistance?

A

Length
Cross sectional area
Material
Temperature

21
Q

What does Ohms Law state?

A

At a constant temperature the current through a conductor is directly proportional to the voltage across it

22
Q

In a graph showing the current in a filament bulb, why will the graph NOT be directly proportional to the voltage applied?

A

The temperature is increasing inside of the filament bulb

23
Q

In a series circuit, what is the Rtotal?

A

Rtotal = R1+R2….

24
Q

In a parallels circuit what is the Rtotal?

A

Rtotal= R1 x R2/ R1+R2

25
Q

What causes Joule heating?

A

Electrons collide with atoms as they pass through a conductor, the light electrons loose energy whilst the heavy electrons gain energy which leads to an increase in vibration

26
Q

What is the formula for energy transferred?

A

energy transferred = voltage × charge
or
energy transferred = voltage × current × time

27
Q

What unit is energy in?

A

Joules

28
Q

What is the formula for (electrical) power?

A

electrical power = voltage × current

29
Q

What unit is power in?

A

Watts

30
Q

What does Joules law state?

A

Joule’s law states that
the power generated in an
electrical component is the
product of the current in the
component and the voltage
across it

31
Q

What is the formula for the number of units used?

A

number of units used = power rating (in kilowatts) × time (in hours)

32
Q

What is the formula for the total cost?

A

total cost = number of units used × cost per unit

33
Q

How does a one way switch work?

A

When the switch is open there is air between the conducting contacts and because air is an insulator, no current flows

34
Q

What wire has blue insulation?

A

Neutral wire

35
Q

What hand of the pin should the neutral wire be connected to?

A

The left hand of the pin

36
Q

What wire has brown insulation?

A

The live wire

37
Q

What hand of the pin should the neutral wire be connected to?

A

The right hand of the pin

38
Q

What wire has striped yellow and green insulation?

A

The earth wire

39
Q

What hand of the pin should the earth wire be connected to?

A

The top hand of the pin

40
Q

What is the neutral wire?

A

The wire in the mains voltage system that is permanently 0 volts

41
Q

What is the live wire?

A

The dangerous wire in the mains voltage system in which the voltage is changing

42
Q

What is the earth wire?

A

The wire that connects the metal frame of the appliance to the earth

43
Q

What is a fuse?

A

A short wire which melts to disconnect a circuit when too much current flows through it

44
Q

What is the purpose of a fuse?
(e.g whom or what does it protect?)

A

To protect the appliance itself

44
Q

What is the purpose of an earth wire?

A

To prevent harm falling onto the user

45
Q

Define the term “double insulation”

A

A safety technique where the electrical appliance is encased in an insulating plastic to prevent the user coming into contact with a live wire and being harmed

46
Q

What is cell polarity?

A

Cell polarity is concerned
with which end of a cell is
positive and which end is
negative

47
Q

In a parallel circuit with 3 sets of resistors, what is the formula for Rtotal?

A

1/Rt= 1/R1 + 1/R2 + 1/R3…

DAS CCEA GCSE Physics 2 (6 decks)

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