P2.1 Waves Flashcards
What are all waves produced as a result of?
Vibrations
What type of wave is one in which the particles vibrate parallel to the direction in which the wave is travelling?
Longitudinal Wave
What are 4 examples of a longitudinal wave?
Sound Waves
Ultrasound waves
Slinky spring waves
P-type earthquake waves
What are places where particles in a longitudinal wave bunch together?
Compressions
What are places where the coils or particles in a longitudinal wave are furtherest apart?
Rarefactions
What type of wave is one in which the particles vibrate perpendicular to the direction in which the wave is travelling?
Transverse Wave
What is the term for the number of complete waves passing a fixed point in a second?
Frequency
What are the 4 examples of transverse waves?
Water Waves
Slinky spring waves
Waves on Strings + Ropes
Electromagnetic Waves
What is the term given to describe the distance between two consecutive crests or troughs of a wave?
Wave length
What is the term given for the greatest displacement of the wave from its undisturbed position?
Amplitude
What is the equation for wave speed?
Frequency x Wave Length
What is frequency measured in?
Hz
What are the three units that wavelength can be measured in?
Cm
M
Km
What are the three units that speed is often measured in?
Cm/s
M/s
Km/s
In a wave graph that shows displacement and time, what can you calculate and what is the formula?
Frequency
Formula is Numb Of Waves divided by total time
In a wave graph that shows displacement and distance, what can you calculate and what is the formula?
Wave length
Formula is Distance divided by number of waves
What do all waves transfer?
Energy
In a wave, what does not move?
Matter
What is another word that describes vibration?
Oscillation (oscillate)
What are the three things electro-magnetic waves can do? (2 are Travel, 1 Is type)
Travel in a vacuum
Travel at the same speed in a vacuum
Are transverse waves
What can electro-magnetic waves carry?
Energy
What are the two things that can happen to electro-magnetic waves?
Reflected and Refracted
What is the speed of a vacuum?
300 million m/s
What is the audible sound range for humans in frequency?
20 Hz to 20,000 Hz
What are the 7 types of Electromagnetic waves?
Gamma
X-Ray
Ultraviolet
Visible
Infrared
Micro-Waves
Radio Waves
What side of the electromagnetic spectrum is most dangerous?
Gamma Side
What is the rhyme used to remember types of electromagnetic waves?
Grannys Xbox Uses Volts In My Room
What can Gamma rays damage and what does this lead to?
Damages Cells which leads to cancer
What do X-Rays damage and what does this lead to?
Damages cells which leads to cancer
What type of cells can ultraviolet light damage?
Skin Cells
What organ can visible light cause damage to?
The Eyes
Infrared light is felt as heat, what does this often cause?
Burns
What do micro-waves cause heating of?
Internal heating of body tissues
What can large doses of radio waves lead to?
Cancer
What is reflected sound and ultrasound commonly called?
An echo
In terms of the use of pregnancy, what can ultrasound be used to measure the diameter of?
A babies head
What does the term SONAR stand for?
Sound Navigation And Ranging
What are the 2 classifications (types) of waves?
Transverse and Longitudinal
What is the typical wave length of a gamma ray? (nano-metre)
0.01 NM
What is the typical wave length of x-rays? (NM)
0.1NM
What is the typical wave length of ultraviolet light? (NM)
10NM
What is the typical wave length of visible light? (NM)
500NM
What is the typical wave length of infrared light? (MM)
0.01MM
What is the typical wave length of micro-waves? (CM)
3cm
In standard form, what is the length of a nano-metre? (nm)
1x10^-9
What is meant by the term “ultrasound”?
A sound with a frequency greater than 20,000HZ
