P2.2 Lights Flashcards
What does the law of reflection state?
Angle of incidence is always equal to the angle of reflection
In a ray diagram, how is a normal represented?
Dashed lines
What angle describes the angle between the normal and the incident ray?
Angle of incident
What angle describes the angle between the normal and the reflected ray?
Angle of reflection
What are the properties of an image in a plane mirror? (4)
Virtual Image
Same size as the object
Laterally inverted
Same distance behind the mirror as the object is in front of the mirror
What is meant by the term “refraction” and what causes it?
It is the change of direction of a beam of light as it travels from one material to another.
Caused by the change in speed in different materials.
What angle describes the angle between the normal and the refracted ray?
Angle of refraction
What is the speed of light as it travels through air (or a vacuum)?
300 million m/s
What is the speed of light as it travels through water?
225 million m/s
What is the speed of light as it travels through glass?
200 million m/s
When light speeds up, will it bend away or towards the normal?
Bends AWAY from normal
When light slows down will it bend away or towards the normal?
Bends TOWARDS the normal
What colour refracts ,when passed through a glass prism, the least and why?
Red
Travels fastest in glass
What colour refracts ,when passed through a glass prism, the most and why?
Violet
Travels slowest in glass
What is meant by dispersion?
The splitting of white light into its component colours
What are lenses?
A specially shaped piece of glass or plastic
What are the 2 types of lenses?
Converging
Diverging
What is another name gave to a converging lens?
Convex
What is another name gave to a diverging lens?
Concave
What type of lens is one at which the lens is thickest at its centre and least thick at its edges?
Converging
What type of lens is one in which the lens is thickest at its edges and least thick at its centre?
Diverging
What is the defining feature of a converging lens?
Rays of light parallel to the principal axis of a converging lens all converge at the principal focus on the opposite side of the lens
What is the focal length?
The distance between the principal focus and the optical centre
What is the principal focus?
A point on the principal axis of a convex lens through which rays of light parallel to the principal axis pass after refraction in the lens
What is the principal axis?
A straight line joining the principal foci and passing through the optical centre of a convex lens
List the 4 things an image in a concave lens will always be.
Erect
Virtual
Smaller than the object
Placed between the object and the lens
In an object where the position is between lens and F, where would the location of the image be?
On same side of lens as object but further away from the lens
In an object where the position is between lens and F, list the 3 properties.
Virtual
Erect
Larger
In an object where the position is between lens and F, list the application.
Magnifying glass
In an object at F, where would the image be?
Infinity
In an object at F, list its 3 properties of the image
Real
Inverted
Larger
What is the application of an object at F?
Searchlight
At an object between F and 2F, where would the image be?
Beyond 2F
At an object between F and 2F, list the 3 properties of the image.
Real
Inverted
Larger
At an object between F and 2F, what is its application?
Cinema Projector
At an object at 2F, what is the location of the image?
At 2F
At an object at 2F, list thee 3 properties of the image.
Real
Inverted
Same size
At an object at 2F, what would be its application?
Telescope-erecting lens
At an object just beyond 2F, where would the image be?
Between F and 2F
At an object just beyond 2F, list the 3 properties.
Real
Inverted
Smaller
At an object just beyond 2F, what is the application?
Camera
At an object which is very far from the lens, where would the image be?
At F
At an object which is very far from the lens, list the 3 properties.
Real
Inverted
Smaller
At an object which is very far from the lens, what is the application?
Camera