(P2) Topic 7: Animal Coordination, Control, And Homeostasis (rest Is On Marks One) Flashcards
What is homeostasis
Keeping things in balance
What must be controlled in the body (6 things)
Removal of CO2 (waste)
Removal of urea (waste)
Water content
Sugar content
Temperature
Ion content
What are ways in which heat is gained (3 things)
General metabolism
Muscle contraction
Radiation and conduction from the environment
What are ways in which heat is lost (5 things)
Expiration and excretion
Evaporation of sweat
Radiation
Conduction
Convection to the environment
What happens if the body is too cold (4 things)
Shivering- releases heat from respiration
Subcutaneous fat (fat in the skin)- insulates
Hairs stand up- traps and insulatory layer of air around the body
Vasoconstriction (blood vessels get thinner)- reduces blood flow near the surface
What happens if the body is too hot (2 things)
Sweating- evaporation of sweat on the skin surface takes heat away from the blood, causing it to cool
Vasodilation (blood vessels widen)- increases blood flow near to the skin surface
Define negative feedback
Something happens and something else happens to reverse the change
Define positive feedback
Something happens and the change is amplified
What is the pituitary gland
A gland that makes hormones to tell the body what to do
What is the hypothalamus
Part of the brain that monitors the body
How is temperarure change detected
Thermoreceptors in the hypothalamus (heat loss centre/ heat gain centre)
Define endocrine
relating to or denoting glands which secrete hormones or other products directly into the blood.
What does the endocrine system do
Coordinates the body’s organs so that they work together
