P2 - 5.2 The Nervous System, Synapses & Reflexes Flashcards
What 2 things do different parts of are body need to be able to communicate to do
- coordinate behaviour
- respond to our surroundings
What 2 organ systems do we rely on to communicate around our body
- nervous system
- endocrine system
What is an individual nerve cell called
A neurone
What are the 3 types of neurones
- relay
- motor
- sensory
Draw and label a neurone
- long
- thin
- dendrites (lots of branch connections either end)
- cell body
- nucleus
- myelin sheath (layers outside the long thin bit)
- ribosomes
- cell membrane
- cytoplasm
- axon (the long thin bit)
What are neurones designed to do
Carry electrical impulses from one end to the other
What feature of a neurone allows to pass messages to other nerve cells
Lots of branch connections at either end
What can we say a neurone is like
A biological version of a wire carrying a small current
What is a synapse
the empty space/gap between each nerve cell
How do electrical impulses travel from one nerve to the other
At the end of a nerve cell, electrical impulses it releases chemicals that diffuse through the gap of the synapse until it reaches the other nerve cell that converts it back into an electrical impulse
How many nerves are in the nervous system
x100 billion
What is the central nervous system
Where all the thinking happen, it takes in sensory information and sends out orders to create a response to something, it is made up of spinal chord and brain
What 2 organs make up the central nervous system
Brain
Spinal chord
How does the central nervous system receive information
Through sensory neurones that have relied an electrical impulse from the receptors all over your body etc in your skin/eyes
What are some examples of what receptors can detect
- changes in temperature
- sharp objects that might harm us
- CO2 in bloodstream
