2.12 Circulatory System - Blood

Question 1

What 4 mains things does our blood consist of

Answer 1

• plasma
• red blood cells
• white blood cells
• platelets

Question 2

What are 2 adaptations of red blood cells

Answer 2

1) no nucleus - allows for more space for haemoglobin and oxygen

2) shaped like a biconcave disk - gives a larger surface area for more oxygen to be absorbed

Question 3

What do our cells use oxygen for

Answer 3

Cellular respiration

Question 4

How much of our blood do red blood cells make up

Answer 4

Half

Question 5

What is the role of a red blood cells

Answer 5

Carry oxygen from our lungs to bodies tissues

Question 6

What colour is haemoglobin in red blood cells

Answer 6

Red pigment in red blood cells

Question 7

What is haemoglobin

Answer 7

The red pigment in red blood cells

Question 8

What is the red pigment in red blood cells called

Answer 8

Haemogolobin

Question 9

What does haemoglobin bind with in red blood cells

Answer 9

Oxygen

Question 10

What is it called when oxygen and haemoglobin binds in a red blood cell

Answer 10

Oxyhaemoglobin

Question 11

When does oxyhemoglobin split

Answer 11

When it reaches the tissues so oxygen can diffuse into our cells

Question 12

True of False:
Red blood cells do have a nucleus

Answer 12

False

Question 13

True of False:
Red blood cells do not have a nucleus

Answer 13

True

Question 14

True of False:
White blood cells do have a nucleus

Answer 14

True

Question 15

True of False:
Red blood cells do not have a nucleus

Answer 15

False

Question 16

True of False:
Platelets do have a nucleus

Answer 16

False

Question 17

True of False:
Platelets do not have a nucleus

Answer 17

True

Question 18

True of False:
Plasma does have a nucleus

Answer 18

False it is a liquid

Question 19

True of False:
Plasma doesnt have a nucleus

Answer 19

True it is a liquid

Question 20

How much of our blood is made up by white blood cells

Answer 20

Less than 1%

Question 21

What do white blood cells protect us from

Answer 21

Pathogens/ infections

Question 22

What are the 2 main types of white blood cells

Answer 22

Phagocytes
Lymphocytes

Question 23

What do phagocytes do in white blood cells

Answer 23

Engulfs pathogens destroying them

Question 24

What do lymphocytes do in white blood cells

Answer 24

Detects and identifies pathogens
Produces antibodies and antitoxins

Question 25

What are 3 examples of how white blood cells protect us

Answer 25

- engulf pathogens - antibodies bind to pathogens to destroy them - antitoxins neutralise any toxins

Question 26

What is phagocytosis

Answer 26

The process of phagocytes engulfing pathogens

Question 27

What do antibodies do

Answer 27

Bind themselves to pathogens in wbc to destroy them

Question 28

What do antitoxins do

Answer 28

Neutralise any toxins released by pathogens in wbc

Question 29

What do platelets do

Answer 29

Float about in our blood and wait for cuts so they can act as a glue to patch the hole

Question 30

What is the process called of platelets glueing patches of holes in the skin to prevent us from bleedings out

Answer 30

Clotting

Question 31

What 2 things does blood clotting by platelets help us with when we have a cut

Answer 31

1) stops us bleeding out and losing too much blood 2) stops microorganisms from getting in and causing infections

Question 32

Are platelets cells

Answer 32

No they are just fragments of cells

Question 33

How much flowing blood does an adult human have in their body at one time

Answer 33

5 litres

Question 34

What happens if there isnt enough blood in our bodies

Answer 34

Oxygen cant reach our tissues

Question 35

How much does plasma make up in our blood

Answer 35

Half

Question 36

What colour is plasma

Answer 36

Pale straw colour

Question 37

What state is plasma

Answer 37

Liquid

Question 38

What makes our blood watery so it can flow

Answer 38

Plasma

Question 39

What is the role of plasma

Answer 39

Carries everything: - wbc - rbc - platelets - nutrients - waste products - hormones - proteins - antibodies/antitoxins

Question 40

What 8 things does plasma carry in out blood

Answer 40

- wbc - rbc - platelets - nutrients - waste products - hormones - proteins - antibodies/ antotoxins

Question 41

What 4 nutrients does plasma carry

Answer 41

- glucose - amino acids - fatty acids - glycerol

Question 42

What 2 waste products does plasma carry

Answer 42

CO2 Urea

Question 43

What 2 methods can we use if some has lost too much blood

Answer 43

Artificial blood Blood transfusions

Question 44

What is artificial blood

Answer 44

A substitute of blood consisting of salt water

Question 45

What are 2 benefits of artificial blood

Answer 45

1) Adds volume to out circulatory system 2) keeps our blood vessels full and keeps blood pumping

Question 46

What are 3 disadvantages to artificial blood

Answer 46

1) doesnt contain any red blood cells 2) oxygen isn’t transported around rhe body 3) can only replace 1/3 of our blood consisting

Question 47

What is a blood transfusion

Answer 47

Real blood that has been donated

Question 48

What is 2 benefits of blood transfusions

Answer 48

1) comes with red blood cells 2) oxygen can be pumped around the body