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Biology > P1 - 1.1 Cell Structure > Flashcards

P1 - 1.1 Cell Structure Flashcards

Cell Biology

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1
Q

What are the 2 main categories of cells

A

Eukaryotic
Prokaryotic

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2
Q

Give 2 examples of eukaryotic cells

A

Animal cell
Plant cell

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3
Q

Give an example of a prokaryotic cell

A

Bacteria cell

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4
Q

Sort these cells into eukaryotic and prokaryotic

Animal cell
Bacteria cell
Plant cell

A

Prokaryotic: bacteria cell

Eukaryotic: animal cell, plant cell

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5
Q

Draw and label an animal cell

A

Must contain:
Nucleus
Ribosomes
Mitochondria
Cell membrane
Cytoplasm

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6
Q

Draw and label a plant cell

A

Must contain:
Cell wall
Cell membrane
Cytoplasm
Permanent vacuole
Nucleus
Mitochondria
Ribosomes
Chloroplasts

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7
Q

Draw and label a bacteria cell

A

Must contain:
Flagella
Plasmid
Cell wall
Cell membrane
Ribosomes
Circular strand of DNA

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8
Q

What are cells

A

Cells are the building blocks of life

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9
Q

What is the definition of cells

A

The smallest unit of life that can replicate independently

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10
Q

How do animal and plant cells replicate (in numbers)

A

1 - 2 - 4

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11
Q

True or false:
Each individual bacteria cell is a whole organism

A

True

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12
Q

True or false:
Each individual animal cell is a whole organism

A

False

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13
Q

True or false:
Each individual plant cell is a whole organism

A

False

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14
Q

How do bacteria cells replicate (in numbers)

A

1 - 2 - 4
(Also asexual reproduction)

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15
Q

What type of reproduction do animal cells undergo

A

Sexual reproduction

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16
Q

What type of reproduction do plant cells undergo

A

Sexual reproduction

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17
Q

What type of reproduction do bacteria cells undergo

A

Asexual reproduction

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18
Q

Are animal cells multicellular or unicellular

A

Multicellular

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19
Q

Are plant cells multicellular or unicellular

A

Multicellular

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20
Q

Are bacteria cells multicellular or unicellular

A

Unicellular

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21
Q

Is multicellular eukaryotic or prokaryotic

A

Eukaryotic

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22
Q

Is unicellular eukaryotic or prokaryotic

A

Prokaryotic

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23
Q

Why do animal and plant cells replicate

A

To grow
To replace dead cells

24
Q

How many types of cells do humans have

A

Hundreds of

25
Q

How many cells does an adult have

A

over 40 trillion

26
Q

What are sub-cellular structures

A

Structures found inside a cell
Etc. nucleus, ribosomes, chloroplasts

27
Q

What is another name for sub-cellular structures

A

Organelles

28
Q

What is the role of the cell membrane

A

To control what substances pass in and out of the cell

29
Q

What is the role of the nucleus

A

Contains the genetic material/ DNA for the cell and therefore has overall control of the cell

30
Q

What is the role of cytoplasm

A

A jelly like substance that fills the cell acting as a place for all other sub-cellular structures to sit in
Where chemical reactions take place

31
Q

What is the role of mitochondria

A

Provides the cells with the energy they need to function

  • breaks down sugars (glucose) in a process called aerobic respiration releasing energy for cell to use
32
Q

What is the role of Ribosomes

A

Site of protein synthesis
Where proteins are made

33
Q

What sub-cellular structures do both animal and plant cells have in common?

A
  • cell membrane
  • nucleus
  • cytoplasm
  • mitochondria
  • ribosomes
34
Q

What is the role of the cell wall

A
  • rigid cell walls
  • made up of cellulose

Cellulose is really strong and provides support and structure to the cell to prevent it from shrinking or bursting

35
Q

What is the role of a permanent vacuole

A

A bug sack containing cell sap which is a mixture of sugars, salts and water that the cell can use when it needs to

36
Q

What is the role of chloroplasts

A
  • has a green pigment called chlorophyll

Used for photosynthesis
Carbon dioxide + water -> glucose + oxygen

37
Q

What colour is chlorophyll

A

Green

38
Q

Where is chlorophyll found

A

Inside chloroplasts it is the green pigment called chlorophyll

39
Q

What does chlorophyll do

A

Absorbs the energy from sunlight that is needed for photosynthesis

40
Q

True or False:
Bacteria cells have a nucleus

A

False
They have circular strands of DNA

41
Q

True or False:
Bacteria cells do not have a nucleus

A

True
They have circular strands of DNA

42
Q

What extra gene can plasmids have

A

They can be antibiotic resistant

43
Q

What names does the circular strand of DNA have in a bacteria cell

A
  • circular chromosome
    Nucleoid
44
Q

What does the circular strand of DNA have

A

Genes they need to survive and reproduce

45
Q

What is the function of the flagella in a bacteria cell

A

Thread like structure that rotate to propel the bacteria to give the cell movement

46
Q

In a plant, animal and bacteria cells state whether you can find:

Cell wall

A

Bacteria cell
Plant cell

47
Q

In a plant, animal and bacteria cells state whether you can find:

Cell membrane

A

Animal cell
Plant cell
Bacteria cell

48
Q

In a plant, animal and bacteria cells state whether you can find:

Cytoplasm

A

Animal cell
Bacteria cell
Plant cell

49
Q

In a plant, animal and bacteria cells state whether you can find:

Mitochondria

A

Animal cell
Plant cell

50
Q

In a plant, animal and bacteria cells state whether you can find:

Ribosomes

A

Animal cell
Bacteria cell
Plant cell

51
Q

In a plant, animal and bacteria cells state whether you can find:

Nucleus

A

Animal cell
Plant cell

52
Q

In a plant, animal and bacteria cells state whether you can find:

Permanent vacuole

A

Plant cell

53
Q

In a plant, animal and bacteria cells state whether you can find:

Chloroplasts

A

Plant cell

54
Q

In a plant, animal and bacteria cells state whether you can find:

Flagella

A

Bacteria cell

55
Q

In a plant, animal and bacteria cells state whether you can find:

Circular strand of DNA

A

Bacteria cell

56
Q

Which is larger a prokaryotic cell or a eukaryotic cell

A

Eukaryotic cells are larger

Biology (7 decks)

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