P1- motion, forces, energy (Measurement, motion) Flashcards
What must you do when finding speed and the units aren’t SI
Always convert units first
What is the standard unit for:
-distance
-temperature
-volume
-time
-mass
-distance - meter (m)
-temperature - kelvin (K)
-volume - millimeters (ml)
-time - seconds (s)
-mass - kilograms (Kg)
Which equipment is used to measure
-mass
-volume
-time
-distance
-temperature
-top pan balance
-measuring cylinder
-stopwatch
-ruler, tape, vernier calipers, micrometer
-thermometer
What is the accuracy of vernier calipers, ruler, tape and micrometer in millimeters
vernier calipers- 0.1mm
ruler- 1mm
tape- 1mm
micrometer- 0.01mm
Name the different units of measurement starting from Giga to Nano and their standard from
-Gigameters (10^9)
-Megameters (10^6)
-Kilometers (10^3)
-Decimeters (10^-1)
-Centimeters (10^-2)
-Millimeters (10^-3)
-Micrometers (10^-6)
-Nanometers (10^-9)
What are the two types of quantities
-scalar - has magnitude
-vector - has magnitude & direction
Give 6 examples of a scalar quantity
-distance
-time
-temperature
-speed
-energy
-mass
Give 5 examples of a vector quantity
-force
-weight
-velocity
-acceleration
-gravitational field strength
define velocity
speed with a given direction
define speed
distance covered in a given time
define acceleration
change in velocity per unit time
define deacceleration
negative acceleration
define displacement
Object/s overall change in position (how far from start to end)
define distance
how far an object moves (how much travelled)
what does the flat line in a distance time graph represent
object is stationary
what does up line in a distance time graph represent
object moving forward
what does the down line in a distance time graph represent
object is going opposite direction
What is happening when an object returns to 0 in a distance time graph
object retuned into original place
What is the relationship between the gradient and speed in a distance time graph
as gradient increases, speed increases
what does the flat line in a speed time graph represent
object is moving at constant speed
what does up line in a speed time graph represent
object accelerating
what does the down line in a speed time graph represent
negative acceleration
How do you get the distance traveled in speed time graph
find the area under the graph
What is the relationship between the gradient and speed in a speed time graph
as gradient increases, acceleration increases
What is the formula for speed - symbols and word
total distance
———————- = speed
total time
d
– = s
t
-meters per second (ms^-1)
What is the formula for acceleration - symbols and word
final velocity - initial velocity
—————————————– = acceleration
time
v - u
—— = a
t
-meters per second squared (ms^-2 / m/s^2)
define mass
amount of matter in a object
define gravitational field strength
gravitational force per unit mass
define freefall
motion under the force of gravity alone
what is the earth/s gravitational field strength equal to
freefall acceleration = 9.8 ms^-2/ Nkg^-1
define weight
gravitational force acting on an object with mass
what is the formula for weight - symbols and words
weight = mass x gravitational field strength
w = mg
-Newtons (N)
What happens to the gravitational field strength on an object and weight as mass increases
mass increases, gravitational field strength on an object increases, weight increases
define density
amount of mass in a given volume
what is the formula of density - symbols and words
mass
———– = density
volume
m
—– = p
V
-Kgm^-3 / gcm ^-3
1m^3 = 1000000cm^3
1m^3 = 1m x 1m x 1m
1m^3 = 100cm x 100cm x 100cm
1m^3 = 1000000cm^3
what is required for the density of an object to float
object has to be less dense than water
what is required for the density of an object to sink
object has to be more dense than water
define liner motion
motion where acceleration is not constant
define uniform motion
motion where acceleration is constant
