P1 Motion Flashcards
what is a scalar?
magnitude
what is a vector?
magnitude + direction
examples of scalar?
distance, speed, time
examples of vector?
displacement, velocity, acceleration, force
how do you calculate speed?
distance/time
how do you calculate average speed?
total distance/total time taken
how do you calculate acceleration?
∆v/∆t
= (v-u)/t
how do you calculate change in velocity?
∆v
= final - initial
= v-u
dropping objects have … acceleration
constant acceleration (g = 9.81)
how do you get velocity from a d-t graph?
gradient
d-t graph:
what does a horizontal line represent?
stationary
d-t graph:
what does a straight slope represent?
constant speed
d-t graph:
what does a curved slope represent?
increasing gradient - acceleration
decreasing gradient - deceleration
v-t graph:
what do horizontal lines represent?
on x-aixs - stationary
above x-axis - constant speed
v-t graph:
what does a up straight line represent?
constant acceleration
v-t graph:
what does a down straight line represent?
constant deceleration
v-t graph:
what does a curved line represent?
increasing gradient - increasing acceleration/deceleration
decreasing gradient - decreasing acceleration/deceleration
how do you get the distance travelled from a speed-time graph?
area under the line
how do you get the acceleration from a speed-time graph?
gradient
how do you get displacement from a v-t graph?
area between the line and the x-axis
•area below x-axis is (-)
•area above x-axis is (+)
how do you get distance from a v-t graph?
modulus total area between the line and the x-axis
define distance
scalar, total length of the path between 2 points
define displacement
vector, the shortest path between two points.
define velocity
speed in a given direction → s/t
