P:1 Energy Paper 1

Question 1

Write a Definition of Energy Store?

Answer 1

• Energy Store Means by which an object stores energy.

Question 2

Name the 8 Energy Stores and explain them?

Answer 2

• 1) Kinetic - Anything Moving has kinetic energy store.
• 2) Thermal - The Hotter the object the more energy in its store.
• 3) Chemical - Anything That Releases energy by a chemical reaction.
• 4) Gravitational Potential - any Object raised above ground level has this energy store in them.
• 5) Elastic Potential - anything stretched has this energy store in them.
• 6) Electrostatic - 2 charges that attract or repel each other.
• 7) Magnetic - 2 magnets that attract or repel each other.
• 8) Nuclear - The nucleus of an atom resales energy like this.

Question 3

What’s The Acronym To Remember the 4 Ways energy can be transferred?

Answer 3

• M - Mechanically
• E - Electrically
• H - Heating
• R - Radiation

Question 4

How do Objects mechanically transfer Energy and give a Example?

Answer 4

• This happens when a force does work on an object.
• For Example: a Force pushing an object along the floor.

Question 5

How do Objects Electrically transfer energy and give a example?

Answer 5

• This Happens when a moving charge does work.
• For Example:When Current flows through a light bulb.

Question 6

How do Objects Transfer Energy by Heating and Give a Example?

Answer 6

• When Energy is transferred from a hotter object to a colder object.
• For Example:When a Pan of water is heated on a hob.

Question 7

Write a Definition of System?

Answer 7

• System is the Object or group of objects you are considering.

Question 8

What Happens when a System Changes and Write a Definition of a Closed System?

Answer 8

• When a System changes the Way energy is stored changes.
• A Closed System is a system Where neither matter nor energy can enter or leave.

Question 9

The Net Change in (______________________________) in a closed system is always (______)

Answer 9

• Total Energy and Zero

Question 10

Give a Example of a Closed System and how is energy transferred?

Answer 10

• For Example: A Cold Spoon sealed in a flask of hot soup in a closed system.
• Energy is Transferred from the thermal energy store of the soup to the thermal energy store of the spoon by heating.

Question 11

What is The Conservation of Energy Principle?

Answer 11

• Energy can be Transferred usefully stored or Wasted but can never be created or destroyed.

Question 12

Write a Definition of a Force?

Answer 12

• Force is a Push or pull on an object caused by it interacting with something.

Question 13

What Happens if a Force moves a Object and How is Energy then Transferred?

Answer 13

• If a Force moves an object then work is done.
• Work done is the same as energy transferred.
• So energy is transferred mechanically when a force moves and object.

Question 14

(Example:a car slowing down) what will happen and how will energy be transferred?

Answer 14

• Friction acts between the cars brakes and its wheels.
• energy can be transferred mechanically from the wheels kinetic energy store to thermal energy of the surroundings.

Question 15

How is Energy transferred into to Kinetic Energy store and How is it transferred away?

Answer 15

• Energy is Transferred To kinetic energy store When a Object speeds up.
• Energy is then transferred away from this store when an object slows down.

Question 16

What unit is all energy stores measured in?

Answer 16

• Joules (J)

Question 17

What’s the Formula For Kinetic Energy?

Answer 17

• 0.5 x Mass (kg) x (Speed)² (m/s)

Question 18

How does Gravitational potential energy store Occur?

Answer 18

• All objects raised above the ground gain energy in their gravitational potential energy.

Question 19

Whats The Equation for Gravitational potential?

Answer 19

• Mass (kg) x Gravitational field Strength (N/kg) x Height (m)

Question 20

What Does the the conservation of energy say about gpe and kinetic energy?

Answer 20

• When a Object falls from the sky or a high place energy is lost from the GPE store and Energy gained in the kinetic energy store.

Question 21

(_______________) or (______________) an object can transfer energy to its (_________________________________)

Answer 21

• Stretching,Squashing and Elastic Potential energy store.

Question 22

Whats The equation for elastic potential energy?

Answer 22

• 0.5 x Spring constant (N/m) x (Extension)² (m)

Question 23

How can Energy be Transferred by heating and what does it cause?

Answer 23

• As a material is heated energy is transferred to its thermal energy store.
• This causes its temperature to rise.

Question 24

(For Example:boiling water in a kettle) how can energy be stored when the kettle is heated?

Answer 24

• 1) Energy is Transferred Electrically to the thermal energy store of the kettle heating element.
• Energy is then Transferred by heating to the waters thermal energy store.
• So the temperature of the water will increases.

Question 25

What do Different materials need more of and how do they transfer energy?

Answer 25

• Some Material Need more energy to increase their temperature than others.
  -These materials also transfer more energy when they cool down again.
• They can store a lot of energy.

Question 26

How can the amount of energy change a temperature of a product?

Answer 26

• The amount of energy Stored or released as a material change temperature depends on the specific heat capacity of the material.

Question 27

Whats The equation for change in thermal energy?

Answer 27

• Mass (kg) x Specific heat capacity (J/kg℃) x Temperature Change (℃)

Question 28

Write a Definition of Specific heat capacity?

Answer 28

• Specific Heat capacity is the amount of energy in joules needed to raise the temperature of 1 kg of a material by 1℃.

Question 29

In 7 Steps how do you investigate the specific heat capacity of a solid block (PRACTICAL)?

Answer 29

• 1) Measure the mass of the block.
• 2) Wrap it in an insulating layer to reduce energy loss.
• 3) Measure the starting temperature of the block.
• 4) Turn on the power supply and start a stopwatch.
• 5) Record the potential difference of the power supply and current and they shouldn’t change at all.
• 6) After 10 Minutes take a reading of the block temperature.
• 7) Turn off the heater and work the temperature change and calculate the power of the heater.

Question 30

What Happens to the current when you turn the power on and how is energy transferred?

Answer 30

• When you turn the power on the current the circuit does not work on the heater.
• Energy is Transferred electrically from the power supply to the heaters thermal energy store.
• and The energy is then transfer to the materials thermal energy store by heating.

Question 31

What’s the Equation for Specific Heat capacity?

Answer 31

• Change in Thermal energy (J) ÷ Mass (kg) x Temperature change (℃)

Question 32

What is Power and what does it mean ?

Answer 32

• Power is the rate of energy transfer.
• This means that power is how fast energy is traffeded or how fast work s done.

Question 33

Whats power Measured in and what does the unit of power tell us about joules?

Answer 33

• Power is Measured in watts.
• 1 Watt = 1 joule of energy transferred per second

Question 33

What’s the 2 Equation for power?

Answer 33

• 1) Energy transferred (J) ÷ Time (s).
• 2) Work done (J) ÷ Time (s)

Question 33

Whats does a Power machine do and (give a example: cars racing)

Answer 33

• A Power machine transfers a lot of energy in a short space of time.
• For Example: 2 cars are racing both of them race the same distance he other car will win this is because it transfer the same amount of energy but in a shorter time.