Oxygenation Flashcards
hypoventilation
occurs when alveolar ventilation is inadequate to meet the oxygen demand in the body or eliminate sufficient carbon dioxide
hyperventilation
ventilation in which the lungs remove carbon dioxide faster than it is produced by cellular metabolism
hypoxia
inadequate tissue oxygenation at the cellular level
dyspnea
clinical sign of hypoxia, shortness of breath usually associated with exercise or excitement but in some patients it is present without any relation to activity or exercise
cough
sudden, audible explusion of air from the lungs
hempotysis
bloody sputum
hematemesis
from gastrointestinal tract
wheezing
high pitched musical sound caused by high velocity movement of air
oxygen is treated
like a drug so have to have physician order form and billed to the pt
green flow meters
oxygen
yellow flow meter
just air
RT uses flow meters for
treatment
as student we can give oxygen but
have to have someone to verify it
pulse ox
5th vital sign, how well oxygen is saturated in blood; make sure to verify if XWNL - do on other finger and check info
low flow oxygen in nasal canula
less than 5
standing order for O2
if less than 85% then 2 L of O2
if pt at low levels
treat with O2 then get order
humidifying
people humidify own air wi/ cilia and nasal cannulas, O2 may dry noses so nurse can humidify pts oxygen, do not need MD order
venturi mask
delivers a specific amount of oxygen; NEVER humidify causes back pressure; green - low flow, white - high flow
partial rebreather mask
60 - 80% oxygen
if pt crashing
100% O2
venturi trach
travel trach so can move pt
any time pt on trach you have to have ______ in the room
ambu bag
when suctioning trach have to what first
ambu bag (takes breath away to be suctioned)
when pt on bed rest or laying in bed worry about
how well pt breaths
slow breathing
is important; want deep slow breathing
pt doesn’t get charged for anything
under $25
cheyne strokes respiration
periodic respiration; cycles fo respiration that are increasingly deeper than shallower w/ possible periods of apnoea
paraoxysmal nocturnal dysponea
acute dysponea causing pt to awake from sleep and then sit upright or stand for relief
kussmals respiration
deep signing associated with metabolic acidosis, trying to correct metabolic issues
air hunger
acute dysponea occuring in terminal stages of exsanguination haemorrhage; need for immediate transfusion
hyperventilation (WS)
abnormally low levels of CO2 in blood and lead to dizziness, lightheadedness, weakness, unsteadiness, muscle spasms, tingling mouth and finger tips
hypoventilation (WS)
breathing not adequate to meet the needs of body; increase CO2 level decrease O2 level
obstructed sleep apnea
caused by intermittent and repeated upper air collapse during sleep
respiratory acidosis
over midicated, hypoventilation, acute process aggravating chronic lung disease, sever obesity, respiratory center depression, acute CO2 retention, respiratory neuromuscular disease, airway obstruction
metabolic acidosis
excessive acids, diabetic, renal failure, lactic acidosis, starvation, salicylate overdose, bicarbonate loss
normal ph
7.35 - 7.45
normal PCO2
35 - 45 mmHg
if PCO2 is less than 20
critical care
normal PO2
80 - 100 mmHg
O2 critical
if less than 60
normal BE
-2 - +2
normal SaO2
> 95%
Acidosis values
pH 45 HCO3 <22
alkalosis
pH >7.45 PCO226
liter FiO2
start with 24% (then up four each time)
SaO2 to Pao2
90%; 60
