Bowel Elimination 2 Flashcards
nursing diagnosis
bowel incontinence, constipation (colonic, perceived), diarrhea, impaired skin integrity (can have skin breakdown)
bowel incontinence
state when have change in bowel habits involving passing of stool
nursing care plan
assessment, nursing diagnosis, planning - interventions and goals/outcomes, interventions, evaluation
health promotion for common GI problems
Promotion of normal defecation; Sitting position; Positioning on bedpan; Privacy
Cathartics and laxatives
Bulk forming, emollient or wetting, saline, stimulants, or lubricants
Antidiarrheal agents
Can be over the counter; Can be opiates
most common enemas
cleansing
tap water enemas
will will absorb into interstalis spaces
normal saline enemas
same osmotic pressure as intestial spaces, soft tissue
enemas
Cleansing; Tap water; Normal saline; Hypertonic solutions; Soapsuds; Oil retention; Others
for enemas turn pt on
left side
digital removal of stool
The last resort; Physician’s order; Valsalva response - can have vasal nerve stimulation and vital signs drop
Continuing and Restorative Care
Care of ostomies; Pouching ostomies; Bowel training; Skin integrity
nasogastic tube purposes
Decompression; Enteral feeding; Compression; Lavage
evaluation
The fifth step in the nursing process; The effectiveness of care depends on how successful the client is in achieving goals and outcomes; Nursing interventions may be altered if necessary.
nursing history
medications regularly, whats their description of norma stools and whats normal for them, intake of fluids, exercise, surgery of GI tract/abdominal surgery, social issues (living area)
many people say they have diarrhea but they really have
extra fluid and soft stool
physical
look at mouth (if sores or sore throat then diet changes) inspect abdominal, hyperactive sounds
fecal characteristics
adults brown stool
red stool
indicate GI bleeding
pale stool
malabsorption of stool
if odor with stool
not normal smell then could be many kinds of infection
if very small stool
inflammation of gut or normality of gut
stool specimen most common to look for
blood; colon cancer and bleeding ulcer
stool red not from blood can be
if pt ate red meat, then blood from animal
if pt on aspirin then stool
can have blood in it
