Bowel Elimination Flashcards
Factors affecting bowel elimination
age, diet and fluid intake, physical activity, psychological factors, personal habits, position during defecation, pregnancy, surgery and anesthesia, medications laxatives and cathartics, diagnostic tests
physical activity effect on bowel elimination
increases peristalsis
age effect on bowel elimination
young and old
diet and fluid intake effect on bowel elimination
need fiber and if too much fiber then constipation; need 6-8 glasses per day
personal habits effect on bowel elimination
what we are used to
psychological factors effect on bowel elimination
stress can effect elimination
pregnancy effect on bowel elimination
tend to be constipated bc of fetus
surgery and anesthesia effect on bowel elimination
problem related to anesthesia
medications, laxatives, and catheters effect on bowel elimination
antibiotic can cause increase in peristalsis (ex. c. diff)
paralytic ileus
transient condition, decrease peristalsis; listen closely to bowel sounds, 5-30 per minute
common bowel eliminating problems
constipation, impaction, diarrhea, flatulence, incontinence, hemorrhoids
impactions
Results from unrelieved constipation; passageway blocked, 1st patient complains of diarrhea
diarrhea
Associated with disorders affecting digestion, absorption, and secretion in the GI tract; increase in stool, liquid; if under emotional stress than can have; if over intake of fluid, know pt will want to be alone
incontinence
Inability to control passage of feces and gas to the anus; can also have psych effect
flatulence
Accumulation of gas in the intestines causing the walls to stretch; get rid of gas by getting them up and moving
hemorrhoids
Dilated, engorged veins in the lining of the rectum; can be internal or external
nausea and vomiting are not
diagnosis
biggest group of meds that causes diarrhea
antibiotic
constipation
A symptom, not a disease; difficult to pass stool; pick up on whats not normal for pt concerning bm; don’t want some pts to try to bear down and have bm
don’t want some pts to try to bear down and have bm, ex. ?
cardiac pts; valsalva maneuver stimulates vegas nerve and bp and pulse decrease
valsalva maneuver
Bearing down with mouth and glottis closed; Causes increase intrathoracic pressure and vagus nerve stimulation- Causing decreased pulse rate, increased peristalsis & decreased blood return to the heart; Compensation also causes an increase in venous pressure
bowel diversions
Temporary or permanent artificial opening in the abdominal wall (Stoma); Surgical opening in the ileum or colon (Ileostomy or colostomy); The standard bowel diversion creates a stoma
Temporary or permanent artificial opening in the abdominal wall
Stoma
Surgical opening in the ileum or colon
Ileostomy or colostomy
The standard bowel diversion creates a
stoma
