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Fundamentals (104) > Oxygenation > Flashcards

Oxygenation Flashcards

1
Q

Venturi mask O2 percentage

A

24,28,31,35,40,60

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2
Q

What are special considerations for a venturi mask

A

-the window of the venturi mask should not be covered
-you cannot use a humidifier, the mask humidifies the air already

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3
Q

High Flow O2 Percentage

A

10 L = 65%
15L = 90%

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4
Q

What is the max flow on High Flow

A

60L/min

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5
Q

What are special considerations for High Flow

A

Needs to be humidified

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6
Q

Non Rebreather oxygen percentages

A

10-15L = 80-95%

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7
Q

Special considerations for nonrebreather

A

Cannot use humidifier, causes “rain-out effect”

Fill the bag before putting on the patient

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8
Q

Simple face mask O2 percent

A

5-8L 40%-60%

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9
Q

Special considerations for simple face mask

A

May use a humidifier

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10
Q

Oxymizer Cannula (mustache/pendant) O2 percent

A

3-4x more concentration than in a nasal cannula

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11
Q

Special considerations with an oxymizer cannula?

A

Cannot use humidifier it causes a “rain out effect”

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12
Q

Nasal cannula oxygen percent

A

1-6L = 24-44%

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13
Q

Special considerations for nasal cannula

A

humidifier can be used on greater than 4L/min because of drying effect

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14
Q

What is R side heart failure

A
  • the heart looses some ability to move O2 depleted blood to lungs to get oxygenated
    -mostly caused by left sided
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15
Q

What are s/s of R sided HF

A

periphereal edema, JVD

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16
Q

T or F can you have R sided HF without L sided

A

yes, rarely
Can be a result of lung disease

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17
Q

What is L sided heart failure

A

most common
heart loses ability to pump blood out to your body after it is oxygenated by lungs

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18
Q

What are s/s of L sided HF

A

Pulmonary Edema
Dyspnea
Fatigue

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19
Q

What is L sided HF caused by

A

coronary artery disease among many other things

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20
Q

Pulmonary ventilation

A

breathing
movement of air in and out of the lungs

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21
Q

respiration

A

gas exchange in capillaries between alveoli and blood vessels

22
Q

Diffusion

A

movement of gas or particles from high pressure/concentration to low pressure/concentration

23
Q

What must there be for diffusion to occur?

A

Surfactant to prevent atelectasis

24
Q

atelectasis

A

collapse of alveoli

25
Q

Perfusion

A

oxygenated blood passes to systemic tissue

26
Q

Internal Respiration

A

exchange of O2 and CO2 between circulating blood and tissue cells

27
Q

Where is the respiratory center located

A

Medulla

28
Q

What is the respiratory center stimulated by in healthy pt to push body to breathe?

A

Increase of CO2

29
Q

What is the respiratory center stimulated by in the COPD patients to push them to breath?

A

Low O2
because they are used to having increased CO2

30
Q

What are some changes in oxygenation/ventilation in older adults?

A
  • airways/alveoli collapse easier
  • more residual air left
  • heart cannot change easily to stress stimuli
  • reduced power of respiratory ab muscles
  • alveoli/lungs are less elastic
  • decreased elasticity of blood vessels
  • stiff heart valves
31
Q

COPD s/s

A

-barrel chested
- clubbing
- O2 lower 88-92
- dyspnea
- puffed lips

32
Q

BNP is what

A

Brain Nurietic Peptide
natural diuretic = increases when fluid overload to help body naturally get rid of excess fluid

33
Q

Cytologic Study

A

check for tumors/cancer in lungs

34
Q

Thoracentesis

A

removing fluid in plueral space (plueral effusion = pnuemothorax but from fluid build up in plueral space = lung cannot expand)

35
Q

What are the cardiac biomarkers

A

CK checks the muscles
Troponin enzyme released by heart muscles when the heart is injured

36
Q

What is the difference between partial compensation and full compensation

A

pH is not normal in partial compensation
pH is normal in full compensation

37
Q

What is Allen’s Test

A

cutting off radial artery blood flow then releasing making sure that hand has blood flow -> poking for ABG

38
Q

If the PCO2 is high or low what is the cause of that

A

Tachypnea (low CO2)
Bradypnea (high CO2)

39
Q

If Bicarb HCO3 is high/low what is the cause?

A

Kidney releasing a lot of HCO3 (high)
Kidney not releasing a lot of HCO3 (low)

40
Q

Neutrophils indicate what?

A

Acute infection

41
Q

Lymphocytes indicate what?

A

Chronic infection

42
Q

Esinophiles indicate

A

allergies/parasites

43
Q

Basophils indicate what

A

allergies

44
Q

Monocytes indicate what?

A

macrophages are being produced (cleaning up inflammation/wound healing)

45
Q

What assessments can we do for oxygenation

A

oximetry
capnography
health history
physical assessment: s/s of COPD/CHF, resp distress, cyanosis
ABG
Cardiac biomarkers
CBC
Cytologic study
EKG

46
Q

How can we promote optimal function of oxygenation?

A

lifestyle: diet/ weight
Vaccines
No smoking
Avoid pollution
Reduce anxiety

47
Q

How can we promote comfort

A

positioning: high fowler’s for dyspnea
Acute resp distress: alternate supine/prone
Maintain fluid intake
Provide humidified air (prevents drying)
-positive pressure (CPAP)

48
Q

Why would we put the patient prone for resp distress?

A

Oxygenates the dead space

49
Q

Promoting proper breathing

A

-deep breathing exercise/pursed lip breathing/ diaphragmatic breathing
- incentive spirometry

50
Q

To help clear airway what should the nurse do?

A

Promote coughing, deep breathing, and using cough meds like expectorants

Fundamentals (104) (8 decks)

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