HTN Flashcards
Normal BP
<120/<80
Elevated BP
120-129/<80
Hypertension Stage 1
130-139/80-89
Hypertension Stage 2
> 140/>90
HTN Crisis
> 180/>120
Problems associated with HTN
- organ failure
- endothelium damage
- dyslipidemia
- MI
- CVA
- CKD
-hyperaldosteronism - cushings
- hyperthyroidism
- hyperparathyroidism
Why do older adults have HTN
arteries get stiffer
What is the target BP for someone > 60y/o with hx of stroke
<140
What are complications of HTN with older adults?
- money, drug interactions that cause noncompliance
- visual problems, motor problems
- regular follow ups
- teaching about orthostatic pressures
- diuretic uses causing orthostatics also
What are physio challenges that lead to HTN
- increased SNS
- increased renal reabsorp Na Cl and H2O
- increased RAAS activity
- decrease dilation of arteries
- decreased insulin take up
-increased immune response
Assessment for HTN
-palp pulses
- carotid bruit
- sustained enlarged Apical impulse
- S4 cardiac noise
- JVD
- enlarged thyroid
- eye exam: glaucoma
Why would we do a urinalysis on pt with HTN
if kidney is not functioning properly (or is damaged) macromolecules and proteins/glucose
What blood work findings would we have found for someone with HTN
-BUN/Cr increased to indicate kidney problems from HTN
- Increased BG why? less insulin uptake
- BNP increased indicating CHF
- maybe increased triglycerides to show clogged arteries
For pt with HTN, how much sodium should they take
2000 mg (1 tsp)
How much activity should people get?
Aerobic Activity 150 min a week
Muscle strengthening activity 3 days a week
T or F can alcohol be good for cardio disease?
Yes, can have some benefits for people with cardiac diseases (8 oz a day max)
What is the goal to decrease BP in HTN emergency
lower SBP 25% in 1st hour
160/100 in the 2-6 hours
within 24 hours controlled BP
What is the difference between HTN emergency vs HTN urgency
Emergency = organs are being damaged
Urgency = no signs/sym of organ damage
What effects does COVID have on HTN
cause upregulations of ACE 2 recept. more susceptible to covid infection
Masked HTN
BP is high outside of healthcare settings but normal in healthcare settings
White Coat HTN
high BP at the doctors but normal at home
Resistant HTN
When pt is taking at least 3 meds, and blood pressure is still not controlled (<130/<80)
