Activity and Exercise Flashcards
What is active ROM exercises
the patient is completing the action themselves
What is passive ROM exercises
the nurse or OT is doing the movement for the pt
What is some of the ways that healthcare workers hurt their backs
uncoordinated lifts
manual lifting and transferring pt w/out assistive devices
lifting when tired
repetitive movements
transferring pt
standing for long periods of time
transferring confused pts
What should the nurse be assessing in mobility of pts?
- Can they move easily?
- what’s their gait? posture?
- What’s there alignment? (Hips off, leaning one side?)
- What’s their joint structure and function? (One knee buckles etc)
- How far can they walk? Endurance?
- Do they have strength in all limbs?
What is some health history questions to better understand your patient’s activity level?
- daily activity level?
- exercise? fitness goals?
- any mobility problems?
- physical or mentality problems?
- home/environments factors that affect mobility?
What are psychosocial benefits of mobility?
- more energy, more vitality, general well-being
- better sleep
- improved body image
- improved self-concept
- increased health behaviors
Effects of mobility of the urinary system
- increased blood circulation = increased renal function
Effects of immobility on the urinary system
no movement decreases the fluids intake, less urine out put, increased UTI
Effects of mobility on skin
increased circulation = increased skin nourishment
Effects of mobility on GI
- increased appetite
- weight control
Effects of immobility on GI
- constipation
Effects of mobility on metabolic processes
- less triglyceride break down
- decreased gastric motility
- decreased production of body heat
Effects of mobility on skeletal system
increased muscle strength/flexibility
increased coordination
reduced bone loss
increaed efficiency of nerve impulses/transmission
Effects of mobility on Respiratory system
- increased alveolar ventilation
- decrease work of breathing
- improved diaphragmatic excursion
Effects of mobility on cardiovascular system
- increased cardiac efficiency
- decreased heart rate/ BP
- Increased blood to all body parts
- Increased circulating fibrinolysin
- Improved venous return
Isotonic Exercise
- muscle shortening and active movement
ex: running, swimming, walking
Isometric Exercise
- muscle contraction without shortening, only minimum movement of muscles
- holding a yoga pose
Isokinetic Exercise
- muscle contraction with resistance
- the resistance must be held at a constant rate
examples: rehab ex for knees and elbows, lifting weights
T or F Older adults have more mobility issues that contributes to health issues
T
Ergonomics
practice of designing equipment and work tasks to confirm to the capability of the worker
The afferent NS does what
Goes from periphery to CNS
The Efferent NS does what
goes from CNS to periphery
Rotation ROM
turning on the axis
think: thumb moving in a circle
Internal Rotation
turning on axis towards midline
what your hip does when moving toes inward
External Rotation
turning on axis away from midline
think: what your hip does when your toes point outward
Supination
moving to supine position
(on your back)
Pronation
moving towards prone position
think: on your face
Inversion
moving sole of foot inwards (@ ankle)
Eversion
moving sole of foot outward (@ ankle)
Plantar Flexion
flexion of foot
Dorsiflexion
backwards bend of hand/foot
Hyperextension
exaggerated extension
Extension
Straightening
Flexion
the state of being bent
Circumduction
turning in a circular motion
Adduction
moving body part towards midline
(moving arms down)
Abduction
moving body part away from midline
(raising arms)
