Oxygenation

Question 1

What vital sign is associated with ventilation?

Answer 1

Respiration

Question 2

Definition: moving of air in the lungs

Answer 2

Ventilation

Question 3

Definition: exchange of oxygen and CO2 between the atmospheric air in the alveoli and blood in the pulmonary capillaries

Answer 3

Respiration

Question 4

Definition: movement of solute from higher to lower concentration

Answer 4

Diffusion

Question 5

Electrical activity of atrial depolarization is associated with what kind of ECG pattern?

Answer 5

P wave (Atria pumps)

Question 6

Electrical activity including a delay at the AV node is associated with what ECG pattern?

Answer 6

PR segment (ventricle filling)

Question 7

Electrical activity of ventricular depolarization is associated with what ECG pattern?

Answer 7

QRS complex (ventricle pumps out blood, atria rests)

Question 8

Electrical activity of ventricular repolarization is associated with what ECG pattern?

Answer 8

T wave (ventricle rests)

Question 9

No electrical activity on an ECG shows what pattern?

Answer 9

Isoelectric line (atria filling)

Question 10

Disturbance of the rhythm of the heart

Answer 10

Dysrhythmia

Question 11

Describe how atrial dysrhythmia will look on an ECG

Answer 11

no P wave since there is a problem with atria

Question 12

Describe how a ventricular dysrhythmia will look on an ECG

Answer 12

No QRS complex

Question 13

Tachyarrhythmia with pulse = ?

Answer 13

stable

Question 14

Tachyarrhythmia without pulse = ?

Answer 14

Unstable

Question 15

Ischemia

Answer 15

decreased O2 supply to the heart caused by insufficient blood supply

Question 16

Infarction

Answer 16

death of heart tissue due to lack of O2

Question 17

Perfusion

Answer 17

blood flow from Lt side of heart, through systemic circulation; oxygenated capillary blood passes through body tissues

Question 18

Internal Respiration

Answer 18

exchange of oxygen and CO2 between the circulating blood and body tissues

Question 19

Paresthesia is caused by ?

Answer 19

decreased O2 to tissues

Question 20

Treatment for hyperventilation

Answer 20

Breathe into paper bag

Breathing back in Co2 increases CO2 in blood

Question 21

Perfusion

Answer 21

blood flow from left side of the heart, through systemic circulation; oxygenated capillary blood passes through body tissues

Question 22

Internal Respiration

Answer 22

exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the circulating blood and body tissues

Question 23

Increase CO2 in the blood leads to what?

Answer 23

vasodilation

Question 24

Hyperventilation leads to?

Answer 24

Respiratory Alkalosis

Question 25

Hypoventilation leads to?

Answer 25

Partially Compensated Respiratory Acidosis

Question 26

If lungs have a problem, what compensates?

Answer 26

Kidneys

Question 27

If the kidneys have a problem, what compensates?

Answer 27

Lungs

Question 28

Kussmaul breathing happens with ______ failure

Answer 28

kidney

Question 29

Implementations for COPD

Answer 29

``` Fan to circulate air Coughing Increase fluid intake (to liquify secretions) Incentive Spirometer Suctioning Diaphragmatic Breathing Pursed-Lip Breathing ```

Question 30

Incentive spirometer patient goal is based on what?

Answer 30

the patient's height

Question 31

Factors Affecting Oxygenation

Answer 31

Physiologic - hyper/hypo - ventilation; hypovolemia; hypoxia; decreased H & H; conditions affecting chest wall movement (pregnancy/trauma); chronic disease (COPD)

Question 32

What is the formula for BP

Answer 32

BP = CO x PVR

Question 33

Formula for Cardiac Output

Answer 33

CO = HR x SV

Question 34

Resistance of the ejection of blood from the left ventricle

Answer 34

Afterload

Question 35

Increased afterload = ______ stroke volume

Answer 35

decreased

Question 36

Decreased afterload = _______ stroke volume

Answer 36

increased

Question 37

Amount of blood at the end of ventricular diastole

Answer 37

Preload

Question 38

Increased preload = _____ stroke volume

Answer 38

increased

Question 39

Decreased preload = __________ stroke volume

Answer 39

decreased

Question 40

Amount of blood ejected from the ventricles per contraction

Answer 40

stroke volume

Question 41

Increase in contractility = _______ stroke volume

Answer 41

increased

Question 42

Decrease in contractility = ______ stroke volume

Answer 42

decreased

Question 43

Stroke volume is directly proportional to what?

Answer 43

contractility and preload

Question 44

Ability of the ventricles to squeeze out blood

Answer 44

contractility

Question 45

Your patient is easily tired out and confused. They have dyspnea, SOB, and crackles upon auscultation and chest pain. What sided heart failure is this patient experiencing?

Answer 45

Left-sided heart failure

Question 46

Your patient has pitting edema in their lower extremities, upper right quadrant abdominal pain, and has gained 10 lbs in the last 5 days. What sided heart failure is this patient experiencing?

Answer 46

Right-sided heart failure

Question 47

Fluid in lungs

Answer 47

pulmonary edema

Question 48

Deficiency of oxygen in the arterial blood

Answer 48

Hypoxemia

Question 49

Deficiency of oxygen in the tissues

Answer 49

Hypoxia

Question 50

BNP lab is associated with what diagnosis?

Answer 50

Heart failure

Question 51

Troponin lab is associated with what diagnosis?

Answer 51

MI

Question 52

The major advantage of a Venturi mask is that it can..

Answer 52

deliver a precise concentration of O2

Question 53

A patient with end-stage COPD has a nursing diagnosis of Impaired Gas Exchange. Which assessment finding shows that interventions have been effective?

Answer 53

The patient's SpO2 is 92% on 2 L of oxygen

Question 54

An elderly man was admitted to the medical unit with dehydration. A clinical indication of this problem is?

Answer 54

weight loss

Question 55

A goal that the patient will "demonstrate adequate tissue perfusion" has been established. Which would be included in evaluation of this goal? A. Symmetrical chest expansion B. Uses pursed-lip breathing C. Has brisk capillary refill D. Has activity tolerance

Answer 55

C. has brisk capillary refill

Question 56

Which is the most effective way to maintain a patient's airway? A. active coughing B. incentive spirometer C. nebulizer treatment D. abdominal breathing

Answer 56

Active coughing