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Fundamentals- Cohort A-5 > Oxygenation > Flashcards

Oxygenation Flashcards

1
Q

What vital sign is associated with ventilation?

A

Respiration

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2
Q

Definition: moving of air in the lungs

A

Ventilation

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3
Q

Definition: exchange of oxygen and CO2 between the atmospheric air in the alveoli and blood in the pulmonary capillaries

A

Respiration

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4
Q

Definition: movement of solute from higher to lower concentration

A

Diffusion

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5
Q

Electrical activity of atrial depolarization is associated with what kind of ECG pattern?

A

P wave (Atria pumps)

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6
Q

Electrical activity including a delay at the AV node is associated with what ECG pattern?

A

PR segment (ventricle filling)

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7
Q

Electrical activity of ventricular depolarization is associated with what ECG pattern?

A

QRS complex (ventricle pumps out blood, atria rests)

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8
Q

Electrical activity of ventricular repolarization is associated with what ECG pattern?

A

T wave (ventricle rests)

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9
Q

No electrical activity on an ECG shows what pattern?

A

Isoelectric line (atria filling)

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10
Q

Disturbance of the rhythm of the heart

A

Dysrhythmia

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11
Q

Describe how atrial dysrhythmia will look on an ECG

A

no P wave since there is a problem with atria

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12
Q

Describe how a ventricular dysrhythmia will look on an ECG

A

No QRS complex

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13
Q

Tachyarrhythmia with pulse = ?

A

stable

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14
Q

Tachyarrhythmia without pulse = ?

A

Unstable

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15
Q

Ischemia

A

decreased O2 supply to the heart caused by insufficient blood supply

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16
Q

Infarction

A

death of heart tissue due to lack of O2

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17
Q

Perfusion

A

blood flow from Lt side of heart, through systemic circulation; oxygenated capillary blood passes through body tissues

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18
Q

Internal Respiration

A

exchange of oxygen and CO2 between the circulating blood and body tissues

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19
Q

Paresthesia is caused by ?

A

decreased O2 to tissues

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20
Q

Treatment for hyperventilation

A

Breathe into paper bag

Breathing back in Co2 increases CO2 in blood

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21
Q

Perfusion

A

blood flow from left side of the heart, through systemic circulation; oxygenated capillary blood passes through body tissues

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22
Q

Internal Respiration

A

exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the circulating blood and body tissues

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23
Q

Increase CO2 in the blood leads to what?

A

vasodilation

24
Q

Hyperventilation leads to?

A

Respiratory Alkalosis

25
Q

Hypoventilation leads to?

A

Partially Compensated Respiratory Acidosis

26
Q

If lungs have a problem, what compensates?

A

Kidneys

27
Q

If the kidneys have a problem, what compensates?

A

Lungs

28
Q

Kussmaul breathing happens with ______ failure

A

kidney

29
Q

Implementations for COPD

A 
Fan to circulate air
Coughing
Increase fluid intake (to liquify secretions)
Incentive Spirometer
Suctioning
Diaphragmatic Breathing
Pursed-Lip Breathing
30
Q

Incentive spirometer patient goal is based on what?

A

the patient’s height

31
Q

Factors Affecting Oxygenation

A

Physiologic - hyper/hypo - ventilation; hypovolemia; hypoxia; decreased H & H; conditions affecting chest wall movement (pregnancy/trauma); chronic disease (COPD)

32
Q

What is the formula for BP

A

BP = CO x PVR

33
Q

Formula for Cardiac Output

A

CO = HR x SV

34
Q

Resistance of the ejection of blood from the left ventricle

A

Afterload

35
Q

Increased afterload = ______ stroke volume

A

decreased

36
Q

Decreased afterload = _______ stroke volume

A

increased

37
Q

Amount of blood at the end of ventricular diastole

A

Preload

38
Q

Increased preload = _____ stroke volume

A

increased

39
Q

Decreased preload = __________ stroke volume

A

decreased

40
Q

Amount of blood ejected from the ventricles per contraction

A

stroke volume

41
Q

Increase in contractility = _______ stroke volume

A

increased

42
Q

Decrease in contractility = ______ stroke volume

A

decreased

43
Q

Stroke volume is directly proportional to what?

A

contractility and preload

44
Q

Ability of the ventricles to squeeze out blood

A

contractility

45
Q

Your patient is easily tired out and confused. They have dyspnea, SOB, and crackles upon auscultation and chest pain.

What sided heart failure is this patient experiencing?

A

Left-sided heart failure

46
Q

Your patient has pitting edema in their lower extremities, upper right quadrant abdominal pain, and has gained 10 lbs in the last 5 days.

What sided heart failure is this patient experiencing?

A

Right-sided heart failure

47
Q

Fluid in lungs

A

pulmonary edema

48
Q

Deficiency of oxygen in the arterial blood

A

Hypoxemia

49
Q

Deficiency of oxygen in the tissues

A

Hypoxia

50
Q

BNP lab is associated with what diagnosis?

A

Heart failure

51
Q

Troponin lab is associated with what diagnosis?

A

MI

52
Q

The major advantage of a Venturi mask is that it can..

A

deliver a precise concentration of O2

53
Q

A patient with end-stage COPD has a nursing diagnosis of Impaired Gas Exchange. Which assessment finding shows that interventions have been effective?

A

The patient’s SpO2 is 92% on 2 L of oxygen

54
Q

An elderly man was admitted to the medical unit with dehydration. A clinical indication of this problem is?

A

weight loss

55
Q

A goal that the patient will “demonstrate adequate tissue perfusion” has been established. Which would be included in evaluation of this goal?

A. Symmetrical chest expansion
B. Uses pursed-lip breathing
C. Has brisk capillary refill
D. Has activity tolerance

A

C. has brisk capillary refill

56
Q

Which is the most effective way to maintain a patient’s airway?

A. active coughing
B. incentive spirometer
C. nebulizer treatment
D. abdominal breathing

A

Active coughing

Fundamentals- Cohort A-5 (6 decks)

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