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OoIS and MT > Overview of the Cardiovascular System > Flashcards

Overview of the Cardiovascular System Flashcards

1
Q

What is the cardiovascular system?

A

A combination of three components, 1. the heart, 2. the vessels, and 3. the blood.

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2
Q

What does the cardiovascular system do?

A

In conjunction with the heart, vessels, and blood; it pumps oxygenated blood, nutrients, hormones and other needed substances throughout the body. While also carrying waste product such as carbon dioxide out of the body.

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3
Q

What is the Heart?

A

A unique organ made of cardiac muscle that also has its own nervous system that allows the heart to contact on its own to pump blood in the body.

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4
Q

What is part of the Heart’s nervous system?

A

The SA node, AV Node, bundle of His, and Purkinji fibers.

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5
Q

What are arteries?

A

Large blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart.

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6
Q

What are veins?

A

Large Blood vessels that carry blood to the heart.

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7
Q

What are Arterioles?

A

Small arteries that carry blood to the capillaries

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8
Q

What are capillaries?

A

Small vessels that act as connectors to carry blood between arterioles and venules

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9
Q

What are venules?

A

small veins that transport blood from capillaries to larger veins back towards the heart.

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10
Q

What is the pericardium or pericardial sac?

A

A double walled membranous sac that encloses and protects the heart.

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11
Q

What are the muscular walls of the heart called?

A

The epicardium (top layer)
the myocardium (muscle layer)
endocardium (inner layer)

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12
Q

What is the Heart composed of?

A

Composed of chambers and four valves. With a septum to divide the chambers into left and right.

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13
Q

What does the superior and inferior vena cava do?

A

Brings oxygen poor blood from the body into the heart

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14
Q

What does the pulmonary arteries do?

A

Pulls oxygen poor blood from the heart and to the lungs to be re-oxygenated.

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15
Q

What does the Aorta do?

A

Pumps oxygenated blood from the heart into the body

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16
Q

What does the pulmonary vein do?

A

Brings oxygen rich blood from the lungs and into the heart.

17
Q

What are the Coronary Arteries?

A

Arteries that bring oxygen rich blood to the heart muscles itself.

18
Q

What are Coronary Veins

A

Pulls oxygen poor blood out of the heart muscles.

19
Q

What is Blood?

A

Fluid tissue in the body made up of about 55% blood plasma and 45% other formed elements.

20
Q

What is plasma

A

straw colored fluid that contains nutrients, hormones, and waste products from the metabolic reaction in the body and respiration.

21
Q

What are formed elements?

A

Erythrocytes, leukocytes, and thrombocytes

22
Q

What are erythrocytes?

A

Red blood cells produced by the red bone marrow. they transport oxygen to tissues

23
Q

what is hemoglobin?

A

oxygen carrying proteins in RBCs

24
Q

What are leukocytes?

A

White blood cells

25
Q

What are Thrombocytes?

A

Platelets that are important for blood clotting.

26
Q

What is Pulmonary Circulation?

A

the flow of blood between the lungs and the heart

27
Q

What is Systemic Circulation?

A

the flow of blood from the heart to the rest of the body, except to the heart muscles

28
Q

What does the Right Atrium do?

A

receives oxygen poor blood from all tissues, except from the lungs, from the superior and inferior venae cava and carries it into the right ventricle

29
Q

What does the Right Ventricle do?

A

receives oxygen poor blood from the RA and pumps it through the pulmonary semicircular valve and into the pulmonary artery.

30
Q

What does the Left Atrium do?

A

receives oxygen rich blood from the lungs through the pulmonary veins. It then flows into the mitral valve and into the LV

31
Q

What does the Left Ventricle do?

A

receives oxygen rich blood from the LA. Blood then flows from the LV, through the aortic semicircular valve and into the aorta.

32
Q

What is a pulse?

A

The rhythmic pressure against the walls of an artery when the heart contracts.

33
Q

What is Blood Pressure?

A

The measurement of the amount of systolic and diastolic pressure exerted against the walls of the arteries

34
Q

What is Systolic Pressure?

A

occurs when the heart contracts. this is the highest pressure of blood on the artery wall

35
Q

What is Diastolic Pressure?

A

Occurs when the ventricles relax. Lowest pressure of blood against the artery wall.

OoIS and MT (8 decks)

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