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Neuro 1 > Overview of the Brain > Flashcards

Overview of the Brain Flashcards

1
Q

What are the ridges of the brain called?

A

Gyri

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2
Q

What are the depressions in the brain called?

A

Sulci

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3
Q

What separates the twohemispheres?

A

The medial longitudional fissure

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4
Q

What connects the two hemispheres together?

A

The corpus callosum

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5
Q

What are the parts of the corpus callosum?

A

The rostrum, genu, body and splenium

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6
Q

What lobe mostly lies in the anterior cranial fossa?

A

The frontal lobe

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7
Q

What lobe lies mostly in the middle rcanial fossa?

A

The temporal and parietal lobes

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8
Q

What lobe lies mostly in the posterior cranial fosssa?

A

The occipital lobe

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9
Q

What structure does the occipital lobe lie on?

A

The tentorium cerebelli

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10
Q

Where is the insular lobe located?

A

Deep in the lateral fussure

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11
Q

What is the limbic lobe and what does it contain?

A

It is a functional lobe and it contains the Cingulate gyrus, parahippocampla gyrus, olfactory bulb and tract and other areas of cortex.

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12
Q

What areas does the limbic lobe deal with?

A

Emotions and intellect

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13
Q

Where is the precentral gyrus?

A

Anterior to the central sulcus

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14
Q

Where is the Broca’s speech area?

A

In the inferior frontal gyrus of the left hemisphere.

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15
Q

Where is the primary motor area?

A

IN the precentral gyrus

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16
Q

Where are other motor areas (besides the primary motor area)?

A

rostral to the precentral gyrus

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17
Q

What is the prefrontal cortex responsible for?

A

Personality, judgement

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18
Q

Where is the primary sensory cortex?

A

The postcentral gyrus

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19
Q

What divides the parietal lobe into inferior and superior lobes?

A

The intraparietal sulcus

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20
Q

Where is the sensory association cortes?

A

posterior parietal lobe (integration and perception)

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21
Q

Where is the hippocampus?

A

Deeo in the parahippocampal gyrus of the Temporal lobe

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22
Q

Where is the uncus?

A

The medial tip of the parahippocampal gyrus

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23
Q

Where is the amygdala?

A

Deep to the the uncus

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24
Q

Where is the primary aruditory ortex?

A

superior temporal gyrus

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25
Q

Where is language comprehension located?

A

Wernicke’s area in the superior temporal gyrus

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26
Q

Where are emotional and visceral responses happening?

A

In the aygdala

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27
Q

Where does learning and memory take place?

A

Hippocampus

28
Q

What seperates the occipital lobe?

A

The calcarine fissure

29
Q

Where is the primary visual cortex?

A

on either side of the calcarine fissure

30
Q

Where is the visual association cortex?

A

Rest of occipital lobe (besides primary visual cortex)

31
Q

What does the diencephalon contain?

A

The hypothalamus, thalamus, subthalamus and epithalamus

32
Q

What seperates the diencephelon from the midbrain?

A

A line drawn from the mamillary bodies

33
Q

Where is the optic chiasm in relation to the diencephalon?

A

Anterior to diencephalon

34
Q

How and where does the pituitary gland attach?

A

Pituitary gland connects to the hypothalamus vis the infundibular stalk

35
Q

What is the function of the thalamus?

A

Integration and relay center for sensory, motor and limbic systems

36
Q

What is the function of the hypothalamus?

A

Control of ANS and endocrine systems via connection with the limbic system

37
Q

What is the function of the subthalamus?

A

Motor function related to basal ganglia

38
Q

What is the midline of the cerebellum?

A

The vermis

39
Q

What are the different lobes of the cerebelum?

A

Anterior lobe, posterior lobe,flocculonodular lobe (contains the flocculus and the nodules

40
Q

What is the arrangement of the flocculonodular lobe?

A

The flocculi are bilateral and the nodules are the midline

41
Q

What seperates anterior and posterior cerebellum?

A

The primary fissure

42
Q

What seperates the posterior lobe of the cerebellum from the flocculonodular lobe?

A

The posteriolateral fissure

43
Q

What are the cerebellar peduncles? Where do they attach?

A

Connect the cerebellum to the brain stem.
Superior peduncle–>midbrain
Middle Peduncle–>Pons
Inferior peduncle–>Medulla

44
Q

Where does the midbrain lie?

A

Lies at the junction of middle and posterior cranial fossa

45
Q

What two cranial nerves come out of the midbrain?

A

CN III, CN IV

46
Q

What structures are on the dorsal surface of the midbrain? What are they known collectively as?

A

Superior and inferior colliculi. The corpera quadrigemina

47
Q

What is the expanded portion of the pons called? Which side is it located on?

A

The basilar pons. Located anteriorly

48
Q

The dorsal surface of the pons makes up what structure?

A

The floor of the 4th ventricle

49
Q

What cranial nerves exit from the pontomedullary junction?

A

CN VI, VII, VIII

50
Q

Where does the medulla run from?

A

From the pons to the foramen magnum?

51
Q

What structure are located on either side of the midline of the medulla?

A

The pyramids, two long columns containing corticospinal axons

52
Q

What structures are located lateral to the pyramids on the medulla?

A

The olives

53
Q

What CN’s are located posterior to the olive?

A

CN IX, X, XI are all located in the postolivary sulcus

54
Q

What CN’s are located anterior to the olive?

A

CN XII is located in the preolivary sulcus

55
Q

Where does CN I exit the skull?

A

Through the cribiform plate of the ethmoid bone

56
Q

What bones are part of the anterior cranial fossa?

A

Frontal bone, Ethmoid bone, and the sphenoid bone (up to the lesser wings)

57
Q

What bones make up the middle cranial fossa?

A

Sphenoid bone (from the lesser wings), temporal bone, parietal bone

58
Q

What two parts make up the temppral bone?

A

Squamous and petrous portion

59
Q

Where does CN II exit?

A

The optic canal of the sphenoid bone

60
Q

Which CN’s exit the superior orbital fissure?

A

CN III, IV, VI, V1

61
Q

What CN nerve exits the foramen rotundum?

A

CN V2

62
Q

What cranial nerve exits foramen ovale?

A

CN V3

63
Q

What structure exits foramen spinosum?

A

The middle meningeal artery

64
Q

What bones make up the posterior cranial fossa?

A

Part of the sphneoid bone, petrous portion of temporal bone, occipital bone, parietal bone

65
Q

What CN’s come out of the internal acoustic meatus?

A

CN VII and VIII

66
Q

What CN’s exit the jugular foramen?

A

CN’s IX, X, and XI

67
Q

What CN’s exit the hypoglossal canal?

A

CN XII

Neuro 1 (11 decks)

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