Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

[DMS 125] Sonographic Physics and Instrumentation > Overview of the Acoustic Parameters > Flashcards

Overview of the Acoustic Parameters Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Physics 101 flashcards AP® Physics flashcards
1
Q

What is period?

A

The time it takes to complete 1 cycle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the symbol of period?

A

T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the units of period?

A

Time
- Microseconds
- Seconds
- Hours
- Days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the typical values of period?

A

0.06 microseconds to 0.5 microseconds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is period determined by?

A

Sound source

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Can period be adjusted?

A

No

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the formula for period?

A

P (µs) = 1/f (MHz)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the relationship between period and frequency?

A
  • Period and frequency are inversely related (Reciprocals) → If period gets longer, Frequency gets lower → If period gets short, Frequency gets higher
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Period answers the question:

A

How long does it take for one cycle to occur? (Because the units of period is time)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is frequency?

A

The # of cycles that occurs in 1 second

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the symbol of frequency?

A

f

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the units of frequency?

A
  • Units per second
  • Hertz
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the typical values of frequency?

A

2MHz to 15 MHz (2 million hertz to 15 million per second)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is frequency determined by?

A

Sound source

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Can frequency be adjusted?

A

No

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the formula for frequency?

A
  • f (MHz) = 1/P (µs)
  • f (MHz) = c (mm/µs) / λ (mm)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the relationship between frequency and wavelength

A
  • Frequency and wavelength are inversely related → If frequency gets higher, Wavelength gets shorter → If frequency gets lower, Wavelength gets longer
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q
  • As frequency increases, Penetration is ____ and image quality/detail is ____
  • As frequency decreases, Penetration is ____ ____, and image quality/detail is ____
A
  • As frequency increases, Penetration is deeper and image quality/detail is higher
  • As frequency decreases, Penetration is more shallow, and image quality/detail is less
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Frequency answers the question:

A

How many cycles occur in 1 second? (Or ms, µs)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

The bigness parameters describe:

A

Size, magnitude, and strength of a sound wave

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

The bigness parameters are:

A
  • Amplitude
  • Power
  • Intensity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is amplitude?

A

The difference between the average value of an acoustic variable and its maximum or minimum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What are the units of amplitude?

A
  • Pressure— pascals (Pa)
  • Density— kg/cm³
  • Particle motion/distance— cm
  • Relative term— dB
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What are the typical values of amplitude?

A

1 million pascals (1 MPa) to 3 million pascals (3 MPa)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Amplitude is established by:

A

Sound source but attenuates as sound propagates through the body (depends of both sound wave and medium)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Can amplitude be adjusted?

A

Yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What is the formula for amplitude?

A
  • (Max amplitude - min amplitude) / 2
  • Power ∝ Amplitude²
  • Intensity ∝ Amplitude²
28
Q

What is the relationship between power and amplitude?

A
  • Power is proportional to amplitude squared
    → If amplitude increases by a factor, Power and intensity both increase by that factor squared
    → If amplitude decreases by a factor, Power and Intensity both decrease by that factor squared
29
Q

What is the relationship between intensity and amplitude?

A
  • Intensity is proportional to amplitude squared
    → If amplitude increases by a factor, Power and intensity both increase by that factor squared
    → If amplitude decreases by a factor, Power and Intensity both decrease by that factor squared
30
Q

Increased amplitude =

A

Louder/Brighter echoes

31
Q

Decreased amplitude =

A

Quieter/Darker echoes

32
Q

What is power?

A

The rate of work or energy transfer

33
Q

What is the symbol for power?

A

P

34
Q

What are the units for power?

A

Watts

35
Q

What are the typical values of power?

A

0.004 to 0.090 watts (4 to 90 milliwatts)

36
Q

Power is determined by:

A

Sound source but attenuates as sound propagates through the body (depends of both sound wave and medium)

37
Q

Can power be adjusted?

A

Yes

38
Q

What is the formula for power?

A
  • Power ∝ Amplitude²
  • Power ∝ Intensity
39
Q

What is the relationship between power and intensity?

A
  • Power is proportional to intensity
    → If power increased by a factor, Intensity increases by the same factor (vice versa)
40
Q

What is the symbol for intensity?

A

I

41
Q

What is intensity?

A

The concentration of energy in a sound beam

42
Q

What are the units for intensity?

A

watts/square centimeter, or W/cm² (watts from power and cm² from beam area)

43
Q

What are the typical values of intensity?

A

0.01 to 300 W/cm²

44
Q

Intensity is determined by:

A

Sound source but attenuates as sound propagates through the body (depends of both sound wave and medium)

45
Q

Can intensity be adjusted?

A

Yes

46
Q

What is the formula for intensity?

A
  • Intensity ∝ Amplitude²
  • Power ∝ Intensity
  • I (watts/cm²) = P (watts) / Area (cm²)
47
Q

What is the relationship between intensity and power and intensity and area?

A
  • Intensity is directly related to power and inversely related to area
    → If intensity gets stronger, Power gets stronger OR area narrowed
    → If intensity weakens, Power weakens OR area gets wider
48
Q

What is the symbol for wavelength?

A

λ (Lambda)

49
Q

What is wavelength?

A

The distance or length of 1 complete cycle

50
Q

What are the units of wavelength?

A

mm, meters, or any other unit of length

51
Q

What are the typical values of wavelength?

A

0.1 to 0.8 mm

52
Q

Wavelength is determined by:

A

Both the source and the medium

53
Q

Can wavelength be adjusted?

A

No

54
Q

What is the formula for wavelength?

A
  • λ (mm) = c (mm/µs) / f (MHz)
  • In soft tissue: λ (mm) = 1.54 (mm/µs) / f (MHz)
55
Q

What is the relationship between wavelength and propagation speed?

A
  • Wavelength and propagation speed are directly related → Wavelength gets longer, if speed increases
    → Wavelength gets shorter, if speed decreases
56
Q

Wavelength answers the question:

A

How much space does a cycle take up?

57
Q

What is the symbol for propagation speed?

A

c

58
Q

What is propagation speed?

A

The rate at which sound travels through a medium

59
Q

What are the units for propagation speed?

A

meters per second, mm/µs, or any distance divided by time

60
Q

What are the typical values of propagation speed?

A
  • 500 m/s to 4000 m/s
  • In soft tissue:
    → 1540 m/s, 1.54 mm/µs, 1 mile per second
61
Q

Propagation speed is determined by:

A

Medium

62
Q

Can propagation speed be adjusted?

A

No

63
Q

What is the formula for propagation speed?

A

c = stiffness/ density

64
Q

What is the relationship between speed and stiffness/bulk modulus?

A
  • Speed and stiffness/bulk modulus are directly related
    → If a medium is stiffer, Speed is faster
    → If a medium is more compressible/elastic, speed is slower
65
Q

What is the relationship between speed and density?

A
  • Speed and density are inversely related
    → If a medium is more dense, Speed is slower
    → If a medium is less dense, Speed is faster
66
Q

Propagation speed answers the question?

A

How fast does speed travel through a medium?

[DMS 125] Sonographic Physics and Instrumentation (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions