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rad bio > Overview of Rad Bio > Flashcards

Overview of Rad Bio Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Name the terms for interactions with matter

A

Ionization ( ejects electron from atom casing a charge)

Excitation (outer shell electron is exited but not ejected)

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2
Q

radiolysis

A

splitting

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3
Q

free radical

A

a highly reactive species with an unpaired valence outer shell electron ( symbolized by a dot)

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4
Q

LET

A

linear energy transfer

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5
Q

linear energy transfer

A

average energy deposited per unit path length

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6
Q

Direct ionization

A

occurs with dense ionization rad ( protons,
alpha particles)
high let radiation
fast electron directly ionizes the DNA molecule causing damage

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7
Q

indirect ionization

A

sparsely ionizing radiations ( x-ray and gamma)
damage to DNA molecules from splitting of H2O
free radicals are created by water splitting, highly reactive
2/3 of cellar damage is b/c of free radicals
H2O2 (hydrogen peroxide) is toxic to cell

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8
Q

secondary particles produced in the cell

A

mass and charge

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9
Q

linear energy transfer equation

A

energy deposited by keV divided by distance (micrometers)

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10
Q

relative biological effectiveness

A

the ability of radiation with different LET delivered under the same conditions to produce the same biologic effect

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11
Q

RBE equation

A

dose from 250 keV/ dose from test radiation to produce same biologic effect

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12
Q

sensitive area of DNA molecule

A

target

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13
Q

ionizing event that happens in the target

A

hit

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14
Q

pyrimidines

A

thymine and cytosine

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15
Q

purines

A

adenine and guanine

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16
Q

division delay

A

a disruption caused by irradiated cells

17
Q

mitotic delay

A

process results in cells in interphase at the time of irradiation to be delayed in the g2 phase
fewer cells will enter the mitosis

18
Q

radiosentizers

A

enhance response to radiation

19
Q

radioprotectors

A

decrease response to radiation

20
Q

OER

A

oxygen enhancement ratio

the magnitude of oxygen affect

21
Q 
interphase death
(nonmitotic) (nondivision death)
A

irradiation of cell during G1, S, G2 phase results in death

22
Q

VIM and DIM

A

vegetative intermitotic and differentiated intermitotic succumb interphase death in lower rad doses
(radiosensitive)

23
Q

RPM and FPM

A

reverting post mitotic and fixed post mitotic occur with higher rad doses (radioresistant)

24
Q

reproductive failure

A

also known as mitotic death unlimited number of divisions after radiation

25
Q

DSF

A

dose reduction factor
dose with radioprotector/ wthout radioprotector produce =
bio effect

26
Q

4 r’s radiation biology

A

repopulation
redistribution
repair
reoxygenation

27
Q

Most sensitive phases

A

G2 and M

rad bio (4 decks)

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