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BDS5 Patient Safety > Overview of Decontamination Cycle & Process > Flashcards

Overview of Decontamination Cycle & Process Flashcards

1
Q

Describe the ideal flow line of a single room LDU

A
  • dirty
    • wall mounted PPE
    • wash hand basin
    • dirty set down
    • wash sink
    • ultrasonic cleaner
    • rinse sink
    • RO water treatment
    • washer disinfector
  • clean
    • inspection area
    • magnifying inspection lamp
    • dental handpiece cleaner lubricator
    • packaging
    • steriliser
    • cooling and dispatch
    • administration area
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2
Q

What is the purpose of a flow line in a single room LDU?

A

to minimise the potential for cross contamination

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3
Q

What are the 9 stages of the life cycle of a reusable dental instrument?

A
  1. cleaning
  2. disinfection
  3. inspection
  4. packaging
  5. sterilisation
  6. transport
  7. storage
  8. use
  9. transport
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4
Q

Provide examples of process verification

A
  • steriliser tests
    • Bowie Dick test
      • steam penetration
    • Helix test
      • steam penetration
    • chemical indicator
      • steam penetration
  • washer disinfector tests
    • test soil
      • cleaning efficacy
    • residual protein test
      • cleaning efficacy
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5
Q

What information is included for an automatic control test of a washer disinfector?

A
  • cycle number
  • cycle selected
  • disinfection hold temperature
  • disinfection hold time
  • cycle complete indication
  • result of test
  • certified fit for use
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6
Q

Describe the criteria a container must meet to be suitable to carry contaminated instrumentation

A
  • durable
  • leak proof
  • rigid sided
  • colour coded or clearly marked
  • tight fitting lid
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7
Q

The first stage of the decontamination process is cleaning in the washer disinfector, what are the reasons for this?

A
  • medico-legal requirement
  • removal of biological matter
    • can impact functionality
  • minimises cross contamination
    • e.g. misdiagnosis
  • removal of biological substances
    • can prevent steam contact
  • reduces risk when handling instruments
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8
Q

How should load carriers be loaded with instruments?

A
  • no overlapping or shadowing
  • do not overload machine
  • utilise the available load carrier
  • all assemblies should be disassembled
  • forceps should be open at the hinge
  • restorative material must be removed
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9
Q

What daily testing should be carried out for a washer disinfector?

A
  • check spray arms/jets
  • check filter/strainer
  • check door seal
  • verify chemical level
  • verify load carrier
  • record cycle data
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10
Q

What are the 5 cycle specifics in a water disinfector?

A
  1. flush
  2. wash
  3. rinse
  4. thermal disinfection
  5. drying
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11
Q

What is the function of the flush stage of the washer-disinfector?

A

remove gross contamination

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12
Q

What is the function of the wash stage of the washer-disinfector?

A

remove biological matter

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13
Q

What is the function of the rinse stage of the washer-disinfector?

A

remove residue

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14
Q

What is the function of the thermal disinfection stage of the washer-disinfector?

A

90-95 degrees for 1 minute to reduce the number of viable organisms

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15
Q

What is the function of the drying stage of the washer difinfector?

A

remove excess moisture

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16
Q

What does inspection of instruments look for after cleaning in the washer disinfector?

A
  • using an illuminated magnifier
    • residual contamination
    • functionality of instruments
    • damage or corrosion
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17
Q

If on inspection an instrument is damaged or corroded what must be done?

A
  • repaired
  • disposed of
18
Q

If on inspection an instrument is contaminated what must be done?

A
  • reprocess
19
Q

What are the two methods of manual cleaning?

A
  • immersion
    • solid instruments
  • non-imerssion
    • handpieces
20
Q

What PPE must be work during manual cleaning?

A
  • gloves
  • heavy duty gloves
  • apron
  • face covering
21
Q

What are the requirements of manual cleaning?

A
  • chemicals
  • <35 degrees
  • under surface of water
  • soft bristles brush
22
Q

What are the issues associated with manual cleaning?

A
  • splashing
  • cross contamination
  • sharps injuries
  • human error
23
Q

What is the capability of an ultrasonic bath?

A

can remove stubborn/dried in/gross contamination

24
Q

What process do ultrasonic baths use to remove contamination?

A

cavitation

25
Q

Describe the process of an ultrasonic bath

A
  • bath filled to required level
  • chemicals added as per manufacturers instructions
  • run de-gas cycle
  • load according to requirements
26
Q

What instruments cannot be processed through an ultrasonic bath?

A

handpieces

27
Q

What is the temperature and hold time for sterilisation?

A

134-137 degrees for 3 minutes

28
Q

What are the pressure gauge and pressure absolute for sterilisers?

A
  • pressure gauge
    • 2.05-2.35
  • pressure absolute
    • 3.05-3.35
29
Q

What are the daily checks that must be carried out for sterilisers?

A
  • check load carrier and chamber
  • check door seal
  • fill feed water reservoir
  • drain used water reservoir
  • record cycle information
30
Q

Describe a type N-steriliser and what can and cannot be processed in one

A
  • non-vacuum steriliser
  • gravity displacement
  • cannot process
    • wrapped items
    • channeled or lumened devices
  • can only process rigid instruments
  • as instruments cannot be wrapped they are not sterile
    • have ‘been sterilised’
31
Q

Describe a type B-steriliser and what can be processed in one

A
  • porous load or vacuum capable machine
  • can process wrapped instruments
  • can process channeled and lumened items
  • wrapped instruments are sterile
32
Q

What daily testing must be carried out for Type-B sterilisers?

A
  • steam penetration test (adequate air removal)
    • Bowie Dick
    • Helix
33
Q

What weekly testing must be carried out for Type-B sterilisers?

A
  • air leakage test
  • air detector function test
34
Q

What is the function of an air leakage test?

A
  • verifies integrity of the chamber
  • ensures no leaks
  • ensure door seal and valve closure
35
Q

What is the function of an air detector function test?

A

verifies machines capability to recognise air in the chamber

36
Q

Why is it important to remove air when sterilising in a Type-B steriliser?

A

air will always be at a lower temperature which can prevent the steriliser reaching the time/temperature kill rate required for sterilisation

37
Q

Describe the criteria a container must meet to be suitable for transporting clean instruments

A
  • durable
  • leak proof
  • rigid sided
  • colour coded or clearly marked
  • tight fitting lid
38
Q

How is safety ensured at all stages of the decontamination process

A
  • safe transportation of hazardous material
  • use of PPE
  • protect unwrapped instrumentation
  • correctly mange single use equipment
  • store sterile instruments correctly
39
Q

What questions must be asked of staff at all stages of the decontamination process?

A
  • are staff trained for each task and process?
  • is staff training documented?
  • is there a SOP in place?
  • has correct PPE been provided?
  • are there barriers to safe working
40
Q

How should sterile instruments be stored to remain sterile?

A
  • temperature controlled environment
    • no fluctuations causing condensation
  • unlikely to encounter aerosol contamination
  • out of direct sunlight
  • unlikely to be damaged
41
Q

What records must be taken over all stages of the decontamination process?

A
  • staff training records
  • cycle data for traceability
    • daily
  • validation and testing reports
    • quarterly testing
    • annual validation
  • asset register with maintenance intervals
  • faults, failures and diagnostics
42
Q

How can compliance be assured at all stages of the decontamination process?

A
  • equipment produced in line with MDD
  • correct guidance followed
  • monitoring of equipment performance
  • CPD qualified and experience
  • follow most up to date standard and guidance

BDS5 Patient Safety (8 decks)

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