Overview of Decontamination and Infection Prevention Flashcards
What are the 5 hierarchy of controls starting with most effective and what does each of them mean?
- elimination
- physically remove the hazard
- substitution
- replace the hazard
- engineering controls
- isolate people from the hazard
- administrative controls
- change the way people work
- PPE
- protect the worker with PPE
- last line of defence
How many air changes per hour should occur in a dental surgery?
10
What are the 9 stages of the life-cycle of reusable surgical instruments?
- cleaning
- disinfection
- inspection
- packaging
- sterilisation
- transport
- storage
- use
- transport
At what time in the life cycle of reusable surgical instruments does acquisition take place?
Before the cleaning stage, either by purchase of loan
At what time in the life cycle of reusable surgical instruments does disposal take place?
after the inspection stage, either by scrap or return to lender
What two processes as of this year are no longer taught in the dental school?
- use of Type N steriliser
- use of ultrasonic cleaning
Why is an LDU Managers Module required?
- patients perceptions
- GDC & becoming a safe practitioner
- medico-legal requirement
- combined practice inspection
- human factors
In what way is vCJD an unconventional infection agent?
- no DNA or RNA
- resistant to commonly used disinfectants
- formaldehyde
- glutaraldehyde
- ethanol
- iodine
- hypochlorite
- resistant to physical methods of disinfection
- UV light
- ionising radiation
- ultrasonication
- nucleases
- boiling
- heat
Why are sterile instruments required?
- reduces probbaility of infection transmission
- international standard for surgical instruments
- legislative and professional standards
- maintaining high quality of care for patients
What is the definition of instrument sterility?
an instrument is sterile if the probability that there are viable microbes on the instrument is equal to or less than 1 in a million (10^-6) by a validated process
What legislation should be followed for medical devices?
- Medical Device Regulation
- (EU) 2017/745
What is the definition of a medical device?
any instrument that is used to diagnose, monitor, treat or manage a medical condition
What does Medical Device Regulation detail?
- regulates manufacture of medical devices
- emphasises quality of management systems
- classes devices according to risk of adverse event
Who enforces medical device regulation?
- Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency
- MHRA
What markings must medical devices have to be put on the market in the UK?
- UKCA
- UK Conformity Assessed
- CE
- Conformité Européene
What do CE and UKCA markings indicate?
the medical device complies with relevant EU/UK medical device regulations and the the manufacturer has checked that the product meets EU/UK safety, health or environmental requirements
Why is medical device regulation important?
- conformity amongst manufacturers
- includes dental instruments and chairs
- can include software
Why does Medical Device Regulation exist?
to provide health and safety benefits to patients, users and other persons at risk by requiring each device to meet the MDR
What does the legislation for health and safety is followed in the UK?
Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974
What is the Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974
- primary piece of legislation covering occupational health and safety
What does the Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974 detail?
- employers have a responsibility to protect workers and others from risks to their health and safety
- failure can be treated as a criminal offence
Who can enforce the Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974?
- Health and Safety Executive (HSE)
- local authority
What are the 4 subsections the GDC details an individual must follow to be a safe practitioner?
- clinical
- interpersonal and emotional
- professionalism
- self management
What is the purpose of the Combined Practice Inspection Checklist?
combines Health Board and Vocational Training inspection items and includes items from the National Standards for Dental Services
What is SHTM?
Scottish Health Technical Memorandum
What are the 3 sections of SHTM 01-05?
- Part A
- Management
- Part B
- Equipment
- operation
- validation
- periodic testing
- maintenance
- test methods
- Equipment
- Part C
- Process
In dentistry where should advice, guidance, standards and legislation be looked at?
- advice
- SDCEP
- guidance
- SHTM 01-05
- standards
- GDC
- legislation
- Health & Safety at Work etc. Act 1974
