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BDS5 Patient Safety > Overview of Decontamination and Infection Prevention > Flashcards

Overview of Decontamination and Infection Prevention Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 5 hierarchy of controls starting with most effective and what does each of them mean?

A
  1. elimination
    • physically remove the hazard
  2. substitution
    • replace the hazard
  3. engineering controls
    • isolate people from the hazard
  4. administrative controls
    • change the way people work
  5. PPE
    • protect the worker with PPE
    • last line of defence
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2
Q

How many air changes per hour should occur in a dental surgery?

A

10

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3
Q

What are the 9 stages of the life-cycle of reusable surgical instruments?

A
  1. cleaning
  2. disinfection
  3. inspection
  4. packaging
  5. sterilisation
  6. transport
  7. storage
  8. use
  9. transport
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4
Q

At what time in the life cycle of reusable surgical instruments does acquisition take place?

A

Before the cleaning stage, either by purchase of loan

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5
Q

At what time in the life cycle of reusable surgical instruments does disposal take place?

A

after the inspection stage, either by scrap or return to lender

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6
Q

What two processes as of this year are no longer taught in the dental school?

A
  • use of Type N steriliser
  • use of ultrasonic cleaning
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7
Q

Why is an LDU Managers Module required?

A
  1. patients perceptions
  2. GDC & becoming a safe practitioner
  3. medico-legal requirement
  4. combined practice inspection
  5. human factors
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8
Q

In what way is vCJD an unconventional infection agent?

A
  • no DNA or RNA
  • resistant to commonly used disinfectants
    • formaldehyde
    • glutaraldehyde
    • ethanol
    • iodine
    • hypochlorite
  • resistant to physical methods of disinfection
    • UV light
    • ionising radiation
    • ultrasonication
    • nucleases
    • boiling
    • heat
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9
Q

Why are sterile instruments required?

A
  • reduces probbaility of infection transmission
  • international standard for surgical instruments
  • legislative and professional standards
  • maintaining high quality of care for patients
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10
Q

What is the definition of instrument sterility?

A

an instrument is sterile if the probability that there are viable microbes on the instrument is equal to or less than 1 in a million (10^-6) by a validated process

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11
Q

What legislation should be followed for medical devices?

A
  • Medical Device Regulation
    • (EU) 2017/745
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12
Q

What is the definition of a medical device?

A

any instrument that is used to diagnose, monitor, treat or manage a medical condition

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13
Q

What does Medical Device Regulation detail?

A
  • regulates manufacture of medical devices
  • emphasises quality of management systems
  • classes devices according to risk of adverse event
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14
Q

Who enforces medical device regulation?

A
  • Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency
    • MHRA
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15
Q

What markings must medical devices have to be put on the market in the UK?

A
  • UKCA
    • UK Conformity Assessed
  • CE
    • Conformité Européene
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16
Q

What do CE and UKCA markings indicate?

A

the medical device complies with relevant EU/UK medical device regulations and the the manufacturer has checked that the product meets EU/UK safety, health or environmental requirements

17
Q

Why is medical device regulation important?

A
  • conformity amongst manufacturers
  • includes dental instruments and chairs
  • can include software
18
Q

Why does Medical Device Regulation exist?

A

to provide health and safety benefits to patients, users and other persons at risk by requiring each device to meet the MDR

19
Q

What does the legislation for health and safety is followed in the UK?

A

Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974

20
Q

What is the Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974

A
  • primary piece of legislation covering occupational health and safety
21
Q

What does the Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974 detail?

A
  • employers have a responsibility to protect workers and others from risks to their health and safety
  • failure can be treated as a criminal offence
22
Q

Who can enforce the Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974?

A
  • Health and Safety Executive (HSE)
  • local authority
23
Q

What are the 4 subsections the GDC details an individual must follow to be a safe practitioner?

A
  • clinical
  • interpersonal and emotional
  • professionalism
  • self management
24
Q

What is the purpose of the Combined Practice Inspection Checklist?

A

combines Health Board and Vocational Training inspection items and includes items from the National Standards for Dental Services

25
Q

What is SHTM?

A

Scottish Health Technical Memorandum

26
Q

What are the 3 sections of SHTM 01-05?

A
  • Part A
    • Management
  • Part B
    • Equipment
      • operation
      • validation
      • periodic testing
      • maintenance
      • test methods
  • Part C
    • Process
27
Q

In dentistry where should advice, guidance, standards and legislation be looked at?

A
  • advice
    • SDCEP
  • guidance
    • SHTM 01-05
  • standards
    • GDC
  • legislation
    • Health & Safety at Work etc. Act 1974

BDS5 Patient Safety (8 decks)

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