Overview and MOI

Question 1

Increase in the velocity of moving object

Answer 1

Acceleration

Question 2

Injury produced by the wounding forces of compression and change of speed

Answer 2

blunt trauma

Question 3

Temporary or permanent opening produced by a force that pushes body tissues laterally away from the track of a projectile

Answer 3

cavitation

Question 4

Decrease in the velocity of a moving object

Answer 4

deceleration

Question 5

Phase of trauma that refers to the trauma event

Answer 5

event phase

Question 6

Process of predicting injury patterns that can result from the forces and motions of energy

Answer 6

kinematics

Question 7

Injury produced by crushing and stretching forces of a penetrating object resulting in tissue disruption

Answer 7

penetrating trauma

Question 8

Phase of trauma in which emergency care is delivered to injured patients

Answer 8

postevent phase

Question 9

Phase of trauma that refers to the prevention of intentional and unintentional trauma deaths

Answer 9

preevent phase

Question 10

Specialized medical facilities distinguished by the immediate availability of specialized personnel, equipment, and services to treat most severe and critical injuries

Answer 10

trauma centers

Question 11

Leading cause of death among 1-44 y/o in US

Answer 11

unintentional death

Question 12

Leading cause of unintentional death in US

Answer 12

poisoning (overdose)

Question 13

Death that occurs within seconds or minutes of the injury

Answer 13

immediate death

Question 14

Death that occurs within 2-3 hours following injury

Answer 14

early death

Question 15

Death that occurs days or weeks after an injury

Answer 15

late death

Question 16

Trauma center that has full range of specialists and equipment available 24/7. Has a research program

Answer 16

level I trauma center

Question 17

Trauma center that works in collaboration with level I; provides 24/7 of all essential specialties bur is not required to have research program

Answer 17

level II trauma center

Question 18

Trauma center that has resources for emergency care, 24/7 ER physicians, and on-call general surgery and anesthesiologists. Has transfer agreements with level I and II

Answer 18

level III trauma center

Question 19

Trauma center that provides initial evaluation, emergency resuscitation, but most patients will require transfer to higher-level. 24/7 ER doc and 24/7 lab.

Answer 19

level IV trauma center

Question 20

Trauma center that has basic ED facilities and transfer agreements with level I and II

Answer 20

level V trauma center

Question 21

Committee that established guidelines for field triage, interhospital triage to specialized care facilities, and mass-casualty triage

Answer 21

ACS Committee

Question 22

Extent of injury is determined by 3 things

Answer 22

1. Type
2. Speed
3. Part of body

Question 23

Object remains in its current state unless acted upon by an outside force

Answer 23

Newton’s first law of motion

Question 24

Energy cannot be created or destroyed. It only changes form

Answer 24

Conservation of energy law

Question 25

Force = Mass x Acceleration or Deceleration

Answer 25

Newton's second law of motion

Question 26

Equal to 1/2 Mass x Velocity(squared)

Answer 26

Kinetic energy

Question 27

3 separate impacts caused by vehicle crash

Answer 27

1. Vehicle strikes object 2. Pt strikes inside vehicle 3. Organs strike inside wall of pt

Question 28

Crashes that result when forward motion stops abruptly

Answer 28

Head-on crashes

Question 29

Pathway in which occupant travels downward into the vehicle seat and forward into the dashboard or steering column

Answer 29

down-and-under pathway

Question 30

Pathway in which occupant's body is in forward upward motion and strikes the steering wheel

Answer 30

up-and-over pathway

Question 31

Crashes that occurs when a vehicle is struck from the side

Answer 31

lateral impact

Question 32

Crash that occurs when vehicle is struck from behind rapidly accelerating and causing it to move forward under the occupant

Answer 32

rear-end impact

Question 33

Crash in which an off-center portion of the vehicle strikes an immovable or slower moving object

Answer 33

rotational impact

Question 34

Crash in which the occupant tumbles inside and can be ejected

Answer 34

rollover

Question 35

Serious hazard to unrestrained occupant

Answer 35

ejection from vehicle

Question 36

Most commonly used active restraint system

Answer 36

lap belt

Question 37

Active restraint that helps absorb the forward motion of the thorax

Answer 37

diagonal shoulder strap

Question 38

Leading cause of death in children 1-4 y/o

Answer 38

injuries sustained in MVA

Question 39

What happens to the brain when the cranium comes to an abrupt stop?

Answer 39

Continues to move forward until it strikes the interior cranium

Question 40

Severe deceleration forces can injure the aorta how?

Answer 40

By shearing it from fixed points such as the thoracic spine or sheared at the level of its ligamentum arteriosum attachment

Question 41

Serious lung injury that can occur from compression forces to the thoracic

Answer 41

paper bag effect

Question 42

Common injuries caused by abdominal compression injuries (4)

Answer 42

rupture bladder laceration of spleen, liver, kidneys

Question 43

Where is the center of gravity on MC Causes what when front end collides with object

Answer 43

above the front axle tips forward and rider is propelled forward

Question 44

3 separate impacts caused by MVA vs Pedestrian

Answer 44

1. Bumper strikes pedestrian 2. Pedestrian strikes hood 3. Pedestrian strikes ground

Question 45

How do adults vs children protect themselves from oncoming vehicle

Answer 45

adult turns away child faces oncoming

Question 46

Injury sustained through exposure to a pressure field that is produced by an explosion of volatile substance

Answer 46

blast injury

Question 47

Blast injury resulting from sudden changes in environmental pressures from a high-order detonation (occur in gas-containing organs)

Answer 47

primary blast injury

Question 48

Lung injury caused by blast wave from high-explosive detonations on the body

Answer 48

blast lung injury (BLI)

Question 49

Blast injury resulting when bystanders are struck by flying debris

Answer 49

secondary blast injury

Question 50

Blast injury resulting when people are propelled through space by an explosion or blast wind and strike a stationary object

Answer 50

tertiary blast injury

Question 51

Blast injury resulting from all other explosion-related injuries

Answer 51

quaternary blast injury

Question 52

Falls from which height are associated with severe injuries?

Answer 52

3 or more times person's height

Question 53

More than what height do falls normally land on their feet?

Answer 53

more than 15 feet

Question 54

Less than what height do falls normally land the position they fell?

Answer 54

less than 15 feet

Question 55

What injury do children that have vertical falls usually sustain?

Answer 55

head injury

Question 56

Older patients normally sustain what injury with falls?

Answer 56

hip fractures

Question 57

In reference to ballistic trauma, how is mass and velocity related to energy?

Answer 57

double mass double energy double velocity quadruple energy

Question 58

Type of energy projectile caused by knives and hand-held stab objects

Answer 58

Low-energy projectile

Question 59

Firearms are what type of energy projectile?

Answer 59

medium to high-energy projectile

Question 60

Short-range, low-velocity weapons that fire multiple pellets

Answer 60

shotgun

Question 61

Shape of entrance wound

Answer 61

round, oval

Question 62

Results as the bullet exits the body

Answer 62

skin explodes causing ragged and torn skin

Question 63

Scene size-up element that can be used to guide assessment for trauma pt

Answer 63

MOI