Ovary Pathology Flashcards
1
Q
clinical presentation of serous adenocarcinoma
A
- MC type of ovarian cancer
- 60% bilateral
- Postmenopausal women (mean age 63)
- Abdominal pain
- Abdominal distension
- Dysuria
- Early satiety***
- Constipation
- Diarrhea
- Nausea/vomiting
2
Q
cystoadenomas
A
- Benign
- Very common
- Smooth, glistening cyst wall
- Unilocular or multi-locular
- Variable size from 4 -30 cm
- 15-20% bilateral
- Single layer of columnar, ciliated tubal-like epithelium
- Cystic lesions with papillary projections
- Filled with clear, serous fluid
3
Q
Cystadenofibromas
A
- Benign
- Cystic and solid neoplasms
- Less common than cystadenomas
4
Q
Follicular cyst
A
- Very common
- Reproductive age
- Follicular cysts arise when rupture fails
- Unilocular, smooth, thin walled, fluid filled
- Asymptomatic
- Generally, resolve without intervention within 2 months
5
Q
Corpus luteal cyst
A
- Cysts occur when corpus luteum fails to involute and continues to enlarge
- More complex on ultrasound
- Lined by luteinizing granulosa cells
6
Q
Endometrioma
A
- Sequelae of endometriosis
- “Chocolate” cyst
- Ground glass, homogenous appearance, increased echogenicity on ultrasound
- Management based on patient goals (infertility, sx)
7
Q
mean age for serous adenocarcinoma
A
63 (postmenopausal women)
8
Q
Mucinous adenocarcinoma
A
- Primary mucinous ovarian carcinomas are rare
- Majority are stage I (65%)
- Clinical presentation: Large pelvic mass and abdominal distension
9
Q
Endometrioid adenocarcinoma
A
- Common - 20% of all malignant ovarian tumors**
- Solid and cystic with friable soft masses, bloody fluid
- May have vaginal bleeding due to associated endometrial changes: 15% will have endometrial cancer of uterus present as well; Endometrial hyperplasia
- Bilateral 40% of patients
10
Q
Clear cell adenocarcinoma
A
- 30-35% may be associated with endometriosis
- Mean age 57 years
- Most common neoplasm to be associated with paraneoplastic hypercalcemia
- Tumor size 15-30 cm
11
Q
What is the MC type of ovarian CA?
A
serous adenocarcinoma
12
Q
which ovarian neoplasm is associated with paraneoplastic hypercalcemia?
A
clear cell adenocarcinoma
13
Q
which ovarian cancers are associated with p53 mutations?
A
serous adenocarcinoma
14
Q
which ovarian cancers are associated with BRCA 1 genes?
A
serous adenocarcinoma
15
Q
Mature cystic teratoma
A
- Most common ovarian neoplasm in reproductive age women
- Often discovered incidentally: Torsion or rupture
- Unilocular cysts with hair, teeth, and sebaceous material
- Bilateral in 10-15% cases
- Surgically excised if symptomatic
- Fertility preservation if possible
- 1% undergo malignant transformation
