ovarian tumours Flashcards
how many tumours are benign
94%
what % of all ovarian tumours are functional cysts
24%
risk markers of ovarian malignancy
nulliparity, subfertility, early menarche, +Fhx, no past use of the pill
presentation
asymptomatic, swollen abdomen, pressure effects eg on bladder causing frequency, infarction/haemorrhage, rupture, ascites, torsion, endocrine effects
what happens in rupture
rupture of a large cyst- peritonitis and shock.
what happens if a malignant cyst ruptures
dissemination of malignant cells throughout the abdomen
what happens in torsion
occludes venous return but arterial supply continues to engorge the tumour causing great pain and high WBC. intermittent pain
management
ultrasound, laparoscopy, fine needle aspiration for if it is benign
what is required if a cyst presents as an acute abdomen
laparotomy
what should happen to cysts
if non neoplastic- remove. cystectomy or oophorectomy. post menopausal- both ovaries and uterus
what are functional cysts
enlarged or persistent follicular or corpus luteum cysts. common if small. may cause pain by rupture, not rupturing at ovulation or bleeding
what are serous cystadenomas
develop papillary growths if so prolific- appears solid. common 30-40yrs. 30% malignant
what are mucinous cystadenomas
commonest large ovarian tumour. filled with mucinous material and rupture- pseudomyxoma peritonei
what is a fibroma
small, solid, benign, fibrous tissue tumour. associated with Meigs syndrome (pleural effusion, fibroma, ascites)
what is Meigs syndrome
fibroma, pleural effusion, ascites
