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Gynae > contraception > Flashcards

contraception Flashcards

1
Q

what are the fraser guidelines (gillick competence)

A
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2
Q

what are the fraser guidelines (gillick competence)

A
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3
Q

how do the contraceptives work- progestogen

A

further suppresses LH release, alters quality of cervical mucus, endometrial changes

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4
Q

how do the contraceptives work- progestogen

A

further suppresses LH release, alters quality of cervical mucus, endometrial changes

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5
Q

what are the 2 types of COC

A

monophasic and triphasic

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6
Q

what is monophasic COC

A

amount of oestrogen and progestogen the same in each tablet

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7
Q

what is triphasic COC

A

varying doses of both- less progestogen and more oestrogen

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8
Q

cautions COC

A

hyperprolactinaemia, BRCA gene carrier, venous and arterial risk factors

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9
Q

cautions COC

A

hyperprolactinaemia, BRCA gene carrier, venous and arterial risk factors

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10
Q

absolute CI to COC

A

migraine with aura, migraine without aura with >1 risk factor stroke, severe migraine or migraine >72h, migraine treated with ergot derivatives

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11
Q

drugs interfering with COC

A

liver enzyme inducers- anticonvulsants, st johns wort, rifampicin

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12
Q

benefits COC

A

menstrual disorders reduced, pelvic infection reduced, benign breast disease reduced, functional ovarian cysts endometriosis and fibroids reduced; endometrial and ovarian cancers reduced

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13
Q

disadvantages COC

A

arterial and venous disease, thromboprophylaxis if taking 4 weeks before surgery, incr risk cervical cancer

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14
Q

side effects COC

A

acne, breakthrough bleeding, headaches, mood changes, N&V, vaginal discharge, weight gain

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15
Q

what effect does progestogen only pill have

A

makes cervical mucus hostile to sperm

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16
Q

which oral contraceptive should be taken if breastfeeding

A

POP

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17
Q

what is the depot progestogen

A

the injection

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18
Q

CI injection

A

pregnancy, breast cancer, undiagnosed vaginal bleeding, liver/cardiac disease

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19
Q

CI injection

A

pregnancy, breast cancer, undiagnosed vaginal bleeding, liver/cardiac disease

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20
Q

advantages of the injection

A

secret, no oestrogen content, ok if breastfeeding, protects against ectopics, fewer cysts, less endometriosis

21
Q

problems with the injection

A

irregular menstrual bleeding

22
Q

what does the implant contain

A

progesterone- ethonogestrel

23
Q

how long does the implant last

A

3 years

24
Q

function of the implant

A

inhibit ovulation, thicken mucus

25
Q

what do the patches contain

A

oestrogen and progesterone

26
Q

side effects patches

A

breast discomfort and breakthrough bleeding

27
Q

how does the vaginal ring work

A

soft ring containing oestrogen and progesterone fits in upper vagina around the cervix mimics COC

28
Q

advantages of vaginal ring

A

under the womans control- can decide whether to have a withdrawal bleed. change every cycle

29
Q

side effects vaginal ring

A

can be expelled from the vagina, irregular bleeding

30
Q

how does the IUCD work

A

prevents implantation

31
Q

advantages of the IUCD

A

highly effective. rapid return to fertility after its removal

32
Q

advantages of the IUCD

A

highly effective. rapid return to fertility after its removal

33
Q

problems with IUCDs

A

expelled by uterus if nulliparous/distorted uterus, heavy painful periods, infection and subfertility, during insertion can get perforation of the uterine wall

34
Q

contraindications IUCD

A

pregnancy, current infection, ovarian cancer, endometrium or cervix, distorted uterine cavity, Hx ectopics, abnormal bleeding

35
Q

what should you screen for before insertion IUCD

A

STDs or give prophylactic abs

36
Q

if become pregnant on the IUCD what should be done

A

remove as can lead to miscarriage

37
Q

if there are lost threads in IUCD what to do

A

ultrasound

38
Q

if there is an infection on IUCD what to do

A

treat with device in place, if remove don’t reinsert for 3 months

39
Q

before removal IUCD what needs to happen

A

start alternative contraception

40
Q

IUS what is the drug

A

levonorgestrel

41
Q

what happens in vasectomy

A

ligate and excise vas deferens

42
Q

what is there a risk of after vasectomy

A

chronic testicular pain

43
Q

how long does it take for sperm stores to be used up after vasectomy

A

3 months

44
Q

within what time frame can vasectomy be reversed

A

10 years

45
Q

within what time frame can vasectomy be reversed

A

10 years

46
Q

up to how long can you insert IUCD for emergency contraception

A

120 hours (5 days)

47
Q

what pill is used as emergency contraception

A

levonorgestrel

48
Q

within how many hours of unprotected sex can levonogestrel be given

A

72hours

49
Q

if vomiting within 2 hours of taking emergency pill what should you do

A

take another immediately

Gynae (18 decks)

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