Ovarian cancer

Question 1

What are the risk factors for ovarian cancer?

Answer 1

> 30 yo
BRCA 1 or 2
Incessant ovulation

Question 2

What is the risk of malignancy index?

Answer 2

US features x menopausal status x CA 125 level

Question 3

What are the signs and symptoms of ovarian cancer?

Answer 3

Indigestion
Early satiety/poor appetite
Altered bowel habit/pain
Weight gain
Bloating/discomfort
Pelvic mass- w or without pressure symptoms

Question 4

How is ovarian cancer diagnosed?

Answer 4

US
CT
CA 125
Biopsy post surgery

Question 5

Who is screening done for?

Answer 5

High risk women
Cancer gene mutation carriers
2 or more relatives

Question 6

What are the limitations of screening?

Answer 6

Cannot diagnose in pre-malignant phase

Question 7

What are the stages of ovarian cancer?

Answer 7

1= limited to ovaries with capsule intact
2= one or both ovaries with pelvic extension
3= One or both ovaries wh peritoneal implants outside pelvis and/or nodes
4= distant mets

Question 8

What is CA 125?

Answer 8

Glycoprotein antigen raised in 80% women with ovarian cancer

Question 9

When is CA 125 often raised?

Answer 9

Ovarian, breast, colon and pancreatic cancer
Menstruation, endometriosis, PID
Liver disease, recent surgery, effusions

Question 10

What is the treatment of ovarian cancer?

Answer 10

Surgery

Chemo- adjuvant or neoadjuvant

Question 11

What is the treatment for recurrence of ovarian cancer?

Answer 11

Chemo
Palliation
Surgery