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Repro AM > Normal Breast Anatomy > Flashcards

Normal Breast Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

What factors contribute to breast size and shape?

A

Genetics
Race
Diet

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2
Q

What is the location of the breast?

A

2-3rd -6th rib

Sternal edge to midaxillary line

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3
Q

What is the axillary tail of spence?

A

Small part of breast that may extend towards axillary fossa

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4
Q

What does the breast rest on?

A

2/3 on fascia covering pectorals major

1/3 on fascia covering serrates anterior

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5
Q

What attaches the breast to the dermis?

A

Ligament of cooper

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6
Q

What does the nipple contain?

A

Sweat and sebaceous glands
Collagenous dense connective tissue
Elastic fibres
Bands of smooth muscle

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7
Q

What does the areola contain?

A

Sweat and sebceous glands

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8
Q

What is the function of sebaceous glands in the areola?

A

Provide protective lubricant

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9
Q

What is the overall structure of the soft tissue of the breast?

A

15-20 lobes which contains a network of glandular tissue consisting of branching ducts and secretary lobules in connective tissue storm

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10
Q

What is a lactiferous sinus?

A

Dilated portion of lactiferous duct near the nipple

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11
Q

What are the lobes of the breast comprised of?

A

20-40 terminal duct lobular units, the functional unit of the breast

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12
Q

What is the intralobular tissue like?

A

Loose texture

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13
Q

What is the tissue surrounding the lobules like?

A

Dense and fibrocollagenous

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14
Q

What is the structure of the normal breast?

A

Extensive branching duct system
Surrounded by dense fibrous interlobular tissue and adipose tissue
Ducts and acini lined by 2 layers of cells- luminal epithelial and myoepithelial cells

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15
Q

What is the structure of the breast during pregnancy?

A

Lobules enlarge and acini dilate
Cuboidal or low columnar epithelium
Colostrum develops

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16
Q

What is colostrum?

A

Protein rick fluid rich in maternal antibodies available fr a few days after birth

17
Q

What is the structure of the lactating breast?

A

Acini distended with milk

Thin septa between lobules

18
Q

How is milk produced?

A

Sucking stimulates neurohormonal reflex

Produced prolactin and oxytocin

19
Q

What is the structure of the breast pre-puberty?

A

Neonatal breast contains lactiferous ducts but no acini

Slight brest growth reflects growth of fibrous storm and fat

20
Q

What changes happen in the breast at puberty?

A

Branching of lactiferous ducts
Solid spherical masses of glandular polyhedral cells
Accumulation of lipids in adipocytes

21
Q

What are the changes in the breast after menopause?

A

Progressive atrophy of lobule and ducts

Fatty replacement of glandular tissue

22
Q

What is the blood supply of the breast?

A

Thoraco-acromial aterro
Lateral thoracic artery
Internal mammary artery

23
Q

What are the arteries of the breast branches of?

A

Axillary, internal thoracic and some intercostal arteries

24
Q

What is the nerve supply to the breast?

A

Anterior and lateral cutaneous branches of 4-6th intercostal nerves

25
Q

What do the nerves to the breast supply?

A

Cutaneous sensation

Sympathetic fibres to blood vessels and smooth muscle

26
Q

What is the lymphatic drainage of the lateral quadrants of the breast?

A

75% to axillary nodes

Supraclavicular or inferior cervical nodes

27
Q

What is the lymphatic drainage of the medial quadrants of the breast?

A

Parasternal nodes or opposite breast

28
Q

When do the breasts start to develop embryologically?

A

4th week

29
Q

What is the embryological development of the breasts?

A

Mammary crests/ridges extending from axillary to inguinal region
Then disappear except for in pectoral region

30
Q

What is the structure of the male breast?

A

Formed by small ducts without lobules or alveoli
Little supporting fibroadipose tissue
Temporarily enlarge in newborns and puberty

Repro AM (27 decks)

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