Male anatomy Flashcards
What forms the erectile tissue of the penis?
Corpus cavernosum
Corpus spongiosum
What is the corpus cavernosum?
erectile tissue forming the main body of the penis
Continuation of the crura
What is the corpus spongiosum?
Erectile tissue formed from the bus of penis and running up the middle of the bottom
What are the muscles of the penis?
2 bulbospongiosum muscles
2 ischiocavernosus muscles
What is the function of the bulbospongiosus muscles?
Contract to empty urethra
What is the function of the ischiocavernosus muscles?
Help maintain erection
Where are the bulbospongiosus muscles?
Around base
Associated with bulb of penis
What is the arterial supply of the penis?
Internal pudendal artery
What is the venous drainage of the penis?
Deep and superficial dorsal veins
What is the nerve supply of the penis?
Branch of pudendal
What is the lymphatic drainage of the penis?
External iliac
What is the histological appearance of the penis?
2 ovals of loosely packed corpus cavernosa and a more densely packed corpus spongiosum containing the urethra
Surrounded by several layers of epithelial cells
What are the layers of the testes?
Outer fibrous tunica vaginalis
Tunica albuginea
Tunica vasculosa
What is the tunica vaginalis?
Outermost fibrous layers of the testes with 2 layers
What are the layers and cavity of the tunica vaginalis?
Visceral and parietal
Cavum vaginale
What is the tunica albuginea?
Thick white fibrous tissue capsule
What does the tunica albuginea do?
Forms the septa that divide the testes into 200-300 lobules, each containing 1-4 seminiferous tubules
What is the tunica vasculosa?
Highly vascularised connective tissue
What are the seminiferous tubules?
Long, convoluted sperm producing tubules
What surrounds the seminiferous tubules?
Connective tissue myoid cells
What are myoid cells?
Contractile cells that help spermatozoa move through the tubules
What is the function of sertoli cells?
Mechanical support
Provide nutrition to spermatogenic cells
Form blood testes barrier
Secrete androgen binding protein
What are Leydig cells?
Interstitial cells
What is the function of Leydig cells?
Produce testosterone
What is the histology of the seminiferous tubules?
High convoluted- multiple cross sections in 1 slide
4-8 layers of cells
Leydig cells in interstitial spaces
“empty” area in centre
What is the blood testes barrier?
Physical barrier between blood vessels and seminiferous tubules
formed by Sertoli cells
What is the epididymis?
Smooth muscle tubule connecting testicle to vas deferens
What is the structure of the epididymis?
Head of thick epithelium and little smooth muscle
Body of intermediate epithelium and smooth muscle
What is the function of the head of the epididymis?
Receive spermatozoa
Absorb fluid to make soerm more concentrated
What is the histological appearance of the epididymis?
Several sections seen in 1 slide
Pseudostratified epithelium
Long microvilli
Large lumen
What are the layers of the inguinal canal?
External spermatic fascia
Cremaster muscle
Internal soermatic fascia
What are the contents of the inguinal cord?
Spermatic cord
Ilioinguinal nerve
What is in the spermatic cord?
Vas deferens
Testicular artery
Pampniform plexus
What is the blood supply of the testes?
Testicular arteries- branch of abode aorta at T12
What does the testicular artery cross over?
Ureter
External iliac artery
What is the venous drainage of the testicles?
Pampniform plexus
Testicular veins
What do the testicular veins drain to?
Right to IVC
Left to left renal vein
What is the lymphatic drainage of the testes?
Para-aortic
Inguinal
What is the vas deferens?
Muscular tube arising from tail of epididymis
Where does the vas deferens terminate?
Joining the duct of the seminal gland to form the ejaculatory duct
What s the histology of the vas deferens?
Thickly walled tube
3 layers of smooth muscle
Star shaped lumen
What are the 3 muscular layers of the vas deferens?
Inner and outer smooth muscle
Middle layer of circular muscle
Where are the seminal vesicles?
Posterioinferior to urinary bladder and superior to prostate
What is the function of the seminal vesicles?
Secrete majority of seminal fluid
What is the structure of the seminal vesicles?
Convoluted 5cm long tubes
Cauliflower appearance
What is the histological structure of the seminal vesicles?
Highly recessed and irregular lumen
Honeycomb appearance
What are the 3 zones of the prostate?
Central zone
Transitional zone
Peripheral zone
Where is the prostate located?
Inferior to neck of bladder in midline
What is the function of the prostate?
Produce seminal fluid containing proteolytic enzymes to ensure semen stays in fluid state
What is the arterial supply of the prostate?
Prostatic arteries
What is the venous drainage of the prostate?
Prostatic venous plexus
Where do the prostatic veins drain to?
internal iliac
What is the nerve supply of the prostate?
Inferior hypogastric plexus
What is the histological appearance of the prostate?
Serous alveoli with infolding epithelium
Trabeculae of muscular stroma
What is the blood supply of the scrotum?
anterior and posterior scrotal arteries
What is the anterior scrotal artery a branch of?
Deep external pudendal artery
What s the posterior scrotal artery a branch of?
Internal pudendal artery
Wha is the venous drainage of the testes and epididymis?
Pampniform plexus and testicualr veins
What is the venous drainage of the bladder, penis and prostate?
Prostatic, pudendal and vesicle venous plexuses
Where do the prostatic, pudendal and vesicle venous plexuses drain to?
Internal iliac
What is lymphatically drained to the superficial inguinal?
Scrotum
Penis
Peineum
What is lymphatically drained to the deep inguinal nodes?
Glands penis
Distal spongey urethra
What is lymphatically drained to the internal iliac nodes?
Corpus cavernosum Prostate Seminal vesicles Vas deferens Proximal spongey and membranous urethra
What is the lymphatic drainage of the testes?
Para-aortic nodes
