Outline III: Renaissance Period to Modern Times

Question 1

Duration of the Renaissance period

Answer 1

Fourteenth to seventeenth centuries

Question 2

Date of Italian Renaissance

Answer 2

(C. 1350-1675)

Question 3

Date of the Philosopher’s Garden period (formative period)

Answer 3

(1430-1500)

Question 4

Many independent republics; some of which were continuously at war with one another; all was Catholic, with allegiance to the Pope in Rome; humanism became the new philosophical outlook

Answer 4

Italian Renaissance

Question 5

Design expressions of the Italian Renaissance (4 Key Points)

Answer 5

Residential houses and gardens (villas) of the formative period
High Renaissance Villas
Baroque Period Villas
Urban Civic Space Design (Piazzas)

Question 6

A designer during the Italian Renaissance

Answer 6

Michelozzo
Guiliano Sangallo
Bramante
Raphael
Ligorio and Olivieri
Tribolo
Vignola
Fontana
Rossolino
Brunelleschi
Michelangelo
Bernini

Question 7

Date of the Italian High Renaissance

Answer 7

(1500-1575)

Question 8

The person who articulated the systemized design theory in his ten-volume book De Re Aedificatoria (1452)

Answer 8

Leonbatista Alberti

Question 9

Date of Italian Baroque period

Answer 9

(1575-1675)

Question 10

Period when the diagonal or radial patterns were introduced

Answer 10

Italian Baroque Period

Question 11

Date of France Renaissance

Answer 11

(1495-1750)

Question 12

This peninsula varies from flat in the south to mountainous in the north; extremely hot and dry in the south to lush, cool, and temperate in the Alps of the north; good agricultural lands

Answer 12

Italy

Question 13

Date of Early French Renaissance

Answer 13

(1495-1550)

Question 14

Politically unified country by mid-16th century with the king as absolute ruler

Answer 14

France

Question 15

Describe Early French Renaissance chateau (4 Key Points)

Answer 15

Added onto existing medieval castles
Irregular in arrangement
Not architecturally integrated with residence
Gardens walled and often surrounded by moat

Question 16

Date of French High Renaissance

Answer 16

(1550-1656)

Question 17

Person who developed the French grand style, baroque

Answer 17

Andre Le Notre

Question 18

Date of the French Baroque

Answer 18

(1656-1720s)

Question 19

A designer in the French Renaissance period

Answer 19

Le Notre
Martin Charbonnier
Henry Wise
Andre Mollet
J. Effner
von Erloch
Hildebrandt
Le Blond
Cartier
Boutelet
Vanvitelli
Haussmann

Question 20

Date of England Renaissance

Answer 20

(1480-1715)

Question 21

Cool and moist climate with considerable less bright sunshine than in continental or Mediterranean countries

Answer 21

England

Question 22

A small island with subtle landscape variations, from the rocky coasts of the southwest in Cornwall to the flat expanses of the east coast in East Anglia to the Pennine moorlands of Yorkshire and Northumberland

Answer 22

England

Question 23

Date of the Reformation Period in England

Answer 23

(1536-1539)

Question 24

Politically unified under a monarch (king or queen), with parliamentary form of government

Answer 24

England

Question 25

Roman Catholicism was the predominant religion in England until 1534, and was subsequently reformed the church into what kind of church

Answer 25

Church of England (Anglican)

Question 26

Two persons who run the British Commonwealth; the Lord Protectors

Answer 26

Oliver and Richard Cromwell

Question 27

The person who abolished the Parliament in England and was executed in 1647

Answer 27

Charles I

Question 28

Continental European temperate climate with cold, snowy winters and warm, sunny summers supporting a rich agricultural productivity

Answer 28

France

Question 29

5 periods during the English Renaissance

Answer 29

Tudor Period (1480-1603)
Elizabethan Period (1558-1603)
Jacobean Period (1603-1625)
Political Turmoil (1629-1660)
English High Renaissance (1660-1715)

Question 30

Period and term that describes the great increase in rural estate development following reformation and subsequent redistribution of monastic land holdings to Henry VIII’s friends

Answer 30

Tudor Period, “Landed Gentry”

Question 31

A transition period to larger, more formal, ornate gardens; axial master plans began; increased use of topiary; increased influence from the European continent

Answer 31

Elizabethan Period

Question 32

Restoration Period in the English Renaissance

Answer 32

(1660-1688)

Question 33

Period when the English royal family wes restored to the throne; large number of formal gardens and related environmental impacts lead to the reduction of forest areas, game habitats, and game populations

Answer 33

English High Renaissance

Question 34

Period where there is increased influence from Italy; when Inigo Jones returned from study in Italy and Vitruvius translated into English

Answer 34

Jacobean Period