Outline 2 (Islamic Empires) Flashcards
Islamic Empires:
Ottoman, Safavid and Mughal Expansion 14th-17century
Islamic Expansion after Muhammad: how many years of rapid expansion?
100
14th century, Mongol expansion affected?
China, Middle East and Europe
What killed millions across Eurasia?
Bubonic Plague
Old dynasties & empires are destroyed. What three knew Islamic empires arise?
Ottoman, Safavid & Mughals
The Ottoman Empire: Ottoman politics and society:
- Political hierarchy
- Military/civilian bureaucracy
In the Ottoman Empire: What was the status of women?
They could own land and businesses separate from their husbands
The Safavid Empire: The Safavid Empire had a strong what?
political system
Were the Safavid’s a Militant State?
They were a Militant Religious State but not like the Ottoman Empire. The lack of gunpowder weapons curbed expansion.
Safavid Economy: Who did they trade with?
The West
In the Safavid Empire: What was the status of women?
Women had no power and could only go out once a day
What was the location of the Mughal Dynasty?
India
Under which dynasty does the first significant contact between India and Europe occur?
Mughal
The rulers of the Mughal Dynasty were _____ but their subjects were primarily ________.
Sunni Muslim; Hindu
Who is Babur the Tiger of Afghanistan?
The military leader that led to the rise of the Mughal Empire in 1526-1527.
In what order did the following Mughal leaders rule?
Akbar the Great, Aurangzeb, Jahangir, Shah Jahan, and Humayun.
1) Humayun
2) Akbar the Great
3) Jahangir
4) Shah Jahan
5) Aurangzeb
Which sultan was born in exile, extended Mughal rule in India, had a unique religious background, and was tolerant of other religions?
Akbar the Great
Which sultan was described by Sir Thomas Roe in the letters written back to England?
Jahangir
Which sultan’s rule – including religious fundamentalism and warfare – led to the eventual decline of the Mughal empire?
Aurangzeb
What were the two main reasons that these Eastern Empires declined?
1) Weakening emperors
2) Rise of Western technology and maritime (sea) trade - overland networks became secondary
Centered in Constantinople, the Turkish imperial state that conquered large amounts of land in the Middle East, North Africa, and the Balkans, and fell after World War I
Ottoman Empire
Turkish-ruled Iranian kingdom (1502-1722) established by Ismail Safavi, who declared Iran a Shi’ite state.
Safavid Empire
Muslim state (1526-1857) exercising dominion over most of India in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. Empire established by Babur in India in 1526. The dynasty became weak after the rule of Aurangzeb in the first decades of the 18th century
Mughal Empire
Who founded the Ottoman Empire? Osman I Suleiman the Magnificent Alexander the Great Mehmed II Julian II
Osman I
What city did the Ottoman Empire conquer in 1453 putting an end to the Byzantium Empire? Rome Constantinople Vienna Budapest Athens
Constanstinople
Under what Ottoman ruler did the empire reach its peak? Mehmed the Conqueror Osman I Mustafa I Suleiman the Magnificent Ahmed the Fortunate
Suleiman the Magnificent
What was the title of the ruler of the Ottoman Empire? King Sultan Emperor Duke President
Sultan
What religion did the Ottomans follow? Islam Christianity Judaism Buddhism Taoism
Islam
Who am I?
- Defeats Safavid Persians in the Battle of Chalidiran
- Defeated the Mamluck sultanate
- Annexation of Algeria, Tunisia in North Africa
Sultan Selim I
Who am I?
- Marches on Europe: Belgrade 1521, Rhodes 1522, siege of -Vienna 1529
- Portuguese pushed out of their coastal forts
- Re-defeated Safavids
- Ultimately, failure in Vienna
Suleiman I
Which empire had Shi’a Islam?
Safavid
Which empire called their leaders shahs?
Safavid
Which empire called their leaders sultans?
ottoman
Founder of the Mughal empire and the
Babur the great
the most illustrious sultan of the Mughal empire and the grandson of Babur
Akbar
Akbar’s son
Jahangir
The last dynasty before British rule.
Mughal
Which empire required conversion from Sunni to Shi’ite Islam
Safavid
The first ruler of the Safavid empire. He freed the persians from the ottoman empire (modern day turkey)
Shah Ismail
Considered the greatest emperor of the Safavid empire. Expanded trade in the west, built the capital of isfahan, and believed in religious tolerance, cultural flowering
Shah Abbas
Who am i?
betrayed by brothers and Afghan officials
-exiled in persia for 15 years
-regains throne, but dies soon after
Humayun
Who am I?
- Sultan 1556 to 1606
- born in exile, emperor at 13
- Extended mughal rule in india
- unique religious background and outlook
Akbar the great
Among the foreign travelers who visited the court of the early Mughals in India, the most important and best known is ________. He came to Jahangir’s court in 1615 as an ambassador of James I, the king of England, and spent nearly four years in India upto 1619. His narrative, The embassy of ____ constitutes a very valuable source of information about the life at the Mughal’s court, at provincial capitals and in camp, and in the light thrown upon the characters of Jahangir, Asaf Khan, Khurram and Khusrau. Roe’s account also sheds light upon the difficulties that were faced by the British traders because of their Portuguese competitors.
Sir Thomas Roe, wrote the embassy of sir thomas roe
Who am I?
India’s great builder
betrayed by his son, Aurangzeb
Shah Jahan
The Mughals were taken over by the ___.
British
The ottomans were dismantled by _____.
western powers
The Safavids were defeated by______.
internal enemies
