OutdoorED

Question 1

What are the seven leave-no-trace principles?

Answer 1

1. plan ahead and prepare
2. travel and camp on durable surfaces
3. dispose of waste properly
4. leave what you find
5. minimise campfire impacts
6. respect wildlife
7. be considerate of others

Question 2

what are the features of a map?

Answer 2

• legend/key
• scale
• landmarks
• contour lines (longitude & latitude)
• orientation (directions for N, E, S, W)
• location name/title

Question 3

What is heat exhaustion?

Answer 3

a condition that often occurs when a person exercises in a hot or humid environment and body fluids are lost through sweat causing the body to overheat. The person’s body temperature may elevate up to 40 C

Question 4

what are the signs and symptoms of heat exhaustion?

Answer 4

• pale and clammy skin
• rapid breathing
• profuse and prolonged sweating
• cramps in limbs and/or abdomen
• thirst, nausea, and/or vomiting
• constant headache
• exhaustion and lethargy

Question 5

how do you manage heat exhaustions?

Answer 5

• rest completely in shade
• remove unnecessary clothing
• cool the victim by sponging with water and fanning
• when nausea passes give sport drink (electrolyte fluids) or water if these are unavaliable

Question 6

label a compass!

Question 7

DRSABCD: D

Answer 7

danger: first priority in any accident event is ensuring everyone involved is safe. priority is the rescuer first, bystanders next, and finally the victim.

Question 8

DRSABCD: R

Answer 8

response: check for a response from the patient - ask name or squeeze shoulders. if no response continue with DRSABCD. if responsive, then make them comfortable and monitor response

Question 9

DRSABCD: S

Answer 9

send for help by calling (000) - or if possible get someone else to do it while you are attending the patient

Question 10

DRSABCD: A

Answer 10

airway: ensure there is no foreign object in the airway of the casualty by placing them in the recovery position.

Question 11

DRSABCD: B

Answer 11

breathing: check to see if the victim is breathing by looking for the rise and fall of the chest and listening for the breathing from the mouth and nose.

Question 12

DRSABCD: C

Answer 12

CPR: if the patient is unresponsive and not breathing normally, CPR should be commenced. the victim should be placed on a firm flat surface for effective CPR. 30 compressions. 2 breaths

Question 13

DRSABCD: D ->

Answer 13

defibrillation: an automated external defibrillator (AED) will administer electronic shocks to the heart when it has detected a shockable rhythm. the operated is clearly instructed on how to use the AED by the machine itself.

Question 14

What to do when bitten by a snake

Answer 14

if bitten sit down /lie down if possible, and DO NOT MOVE. as movement can cause the venom to spread. Compress the bitten area with a bandage. then manage the whole limp of the body where bitten. Monitor for the victim’s breathing and symptoms.
Call 000

Question 15

risk assessment

Answer 15

what is the risk & how to reduce or prevent it

Question 16

what to do when lost

Answer 16

• remain calm
• if in a group stay together
• if someone has good map reading skills or compass skills, see if they can analyse the terrain and their surroundings to work out where you are
• orientate your map, and discuss it with the group. retrace your steps until you identify a location
  if uncertain signal for help in any way possible