Outcome 3 court cases Flashcards
New York Times v. Sullivan
Libel
Miller v. California
Standards that determine whether material is obscene
Barron v. Baltimore
The Bill of Rights restrained ONLY national government
Zurcher v. Stanford Daily
Search warrants can be applied to a newspaper w/out violating the first amendment
Schneck v. US
Speech limited if provokes a “clear and present danger” of substantive evils
Near v. Minnesota
First amendment protects newspapers from prior restraint
Engel v. Vitale
Public schools cannot require a prayer be recited
Lemon v. Kurtzman
Set guidelines for aid to church-related schools
- have a secular legislative purpose
- have a primary effect that neither advances/inhibits religion
-Not foster an excessive gov “entanglement” w/ religion
Gitlow v. New York
Freedoms of press and speech are fundamental personal rights/liberties protected by the due process clause (14th) from impairment by the states + federal gov
Adrand Constructors v. Pena
Federal programs that classify people by race, even for benign reasons like expanding opportunities to minorities, should be presumed unconstiutional
University of California v. Bakke
A state uni can weigh race/ethnic background as an element in admissions, but can’t be the only factor
Korematsu v. US
Upheld the internment of over 100k Japanese Americans in encampments during WWII
Hernandez v. Texas
Extended protection against discrimination to Hispanic people
Brown v. Board of Education
Ended legal segregation in the US. School segregation violated equal protection from the 14th amendment.
Plessy v. Ferguson
Provided constitutional justification for segregation. “Separate but equal”
Dred Scott v. Stanford
Ruling that a slave who escaped to a free state enjoyed no rights as a citizen. Congress had no authority to ban slavery in the territories.
Planned Parenthood v. Casey
Standard for evaluation restrictions on abortion was loosened to one where regulations not impose an “undue burden” on women
Roe v. Wade
Forbade state control over abortions in first trimester, permitted states to limit abortions to protect a mother’s health in second trimester, permitted states to ban abortion during third trimester
Gideon v. Wainwright
Right to a lawyer. Gov will provide if one can’t be afforded.
Miranda v. Arizona
Police questioning guidelines. Protects against self-incrimination
Mapp v. Ohio
4th amendment’s protection against unreasonable searches and seizures must be extended to states.
Texas v. Johnson
Burning the American flag was symbolic speech protected by the first amendment
