Constitutional Amendments

Question 1

Five rights mentioned in the first amendment

Answer 1

speech, press, religion, assembly, petition

Question 2

Freedom of religion clauses (2)

Answer 2

• establishment clause (Congress cannot establish a national religion)
• free exercise clause (Congress cannot prohibit the exercise of religions)

Question 3

Freedom of religion SCOTUS cases (2)

Answer 3

• Engel v. Vitale- forcing students to pray violates first amendment
• Wisconsin v. Yoder- requiring Amish students to attend school after 8th grade violated the free exercise clause

Question 4

Freedom of speech SCOTUS cases (2)

Answer 4

• Tinker v. Des Moines- students wore armbands to protest the Vietnam war, upheld as constitutional
• Schenck v. US- speech can be limited if it provokes a clear and present danger

Question 5

Freedom of press SCOTUS case

Answer 5

Nixon v. NYT- Nixon wanted to stop NYT from publishing embarrassing expose about Viet war, SCOTUS held that NYT can publish because of the first amendment

Question 6

2nd amendment

Answer 6

right to bear arms

Question 7

2nd amendment SCOTUS case

Answer 7

McDonald v. Chicago- SC ruled ban of handguns in Chicago unconstitutional; selective incorporation

Question 8

3rd amendment

Answer 8

No quartering of troops

Question 9

What 5 amendments explain the rights of the accused?

Answer 9

4-8

Question 10

4th amendment

Answer 10

Warrant + probable cause needed for police to search/obtain you

Question 11

5th amendment

Answer 11

• no double jeopardy
• no self-incrimination
• due process clause

Question 12

How does the 14th amendment extend the 5th amendment?

Answer 12

14th amendment extends “no person shall be deprived of life, liberty, or property without due process of law” from the 5th amendment to the state/local governments

Question 13

Due process

Answer 13

government must act fairly and in accord with established rules at all times

Question 14

6th amendment

Answer 14

• speedy, public trial
• impartial jury
• counsel must be provided

Question 15

6th amendment SCOTUS case

Answer 15

Gideon v. Wainwright- Gideon went to jail, Florida denied him a lawyer. Court ruled that Gideon is entitled a lawyer

Question 16

7th amendment

Answer 16

right to a trial by jury in a civil case (get sued)

Question 17

8th amendment

Answer 17

• no excessive bail
• no cruel and unusual punishment

Question 18

10th amendment

Answer 18

states rights

Question 19

13th amendment

Answer 19

ended slavery

Question 20

14th amendment

Answer 20

• equal protection clause
• states must respect rights that are federally guaranteed
• citizenship to slaves

Question 21

14th amendment SCOTUS case

Answer 21

Brown v. Board of Ed.- segregation violates equal protection clause, overturned Plessy v. Ferguson.
Led to similar cases + Civil Rights Act

Question 22

15th amendment

Answer 22

the right to vote shall not be abridged because of race

Question 23

16th amendment

Answer 23

allows for graduated income tax (rich pay higher % than poor)

Question 24

17th amendment

Answer 24

• put more power into the peoples’ hands
• direct election of US senators (before, state legislators would choose)

Question 25

18th amendment

Answer 25

prohibition of alcohol

Question 26

19th amendment

Answer 26

extended the right to vote to women

Question 27

21st amendment

Answer 27

You can’t drink alcohol under 21

Question 28

22nd amendment

Answer 28

A president is limited to 2 terms (10 years)

Question 29

24th amendment

Answer 29

outlawed poll taxes, extended voting rights

Question 30

25th amendment

Answer 30

• presidential selection if a president dies/is incapable
• allows cabinet to remove pres if incapable

Question 31

26th amendment

Answer 31

lowered voting age to 18 because of the Viet war