Ottomans

Question 1

What year was the Ottoman state founded?

Answer 1

1300

Question 2

Who founded the Ottoman state?

Answer 2

Osman

Question 3

What were ghazis?

Answer 3

Warriors for Islam.

Question 4

What were the followers of Osman called?

Answer 4

Ottomans

Question 5

Who called Osman Othman?

Answer 5

Those in the West

Question 6

What was a sultan?

Answer 6

An overlord or one with power

Question 7

Who was Timur-the-Lame?

Answer 7

A rebellious warrior and conqueror from Central Asia who halted the expansion of the Ottoman Empire in 1400

Question 8

What was another name for Mehmed II?

Answer 8

Mehmed the conqueror

Question 9

What did Mehmed II do that was so important?

Answer 9

Conquered Constantinople giving the ottomans access to the Balkans

Question 10

Who was Suleyman the Lawgiver?

Answer 10

A sultan of the Ottoman empire who achieved major societal, cultural, and militaristic feats.

Question 11

Why was Suleyman named the Lawgiver?

Answer 11

It was a tribute to the

splendor of his court and to his cultural achievements

Question 12

What was the devshirme system?

Answer 12

A system where Christian boys and men were drafted into a training system to become palace guards or janissaries

Question 13

What were janissaries?

Answer 13

The soldiers dedicated to following only the command of the sultan.

Question 14

Who was the first Ottoman to declare himself sultan?

Answer 14

Orkhan I (Osman’s son)

Question 15

Why was the Ottoman military so successful?

Answer 15

Gunpowder

Question 16

What was the straight called that was important for the Ottomans to have?

Answer 16

The Strait of Bosporus

Question 17

What did Selim the Grim do?

Answer 17

Took control of major cities for Islam (Mecca, Mendina, and Cairo)

Question 18

After he invaded Austria and Hungary, what did Suleyman have to run from Istanbul?

Answer 18

3 wars - EU, Central Asia, and North Africa

Question 19

What did Suleyman do to better Ottoman society?

Answer 19

He limited and simplified governmental actions.

Question 20

Why did some Christian families bribe officials to take their children into the devshirme system?

Answer 20

Because there was a possibility that they could become powerful leaders in the future

Question 21

How did Suleyman eliminate conflicts between religions?

Answer 21

He established millets.

Question 22

What were millets?

Answer 22

Millets were communities of religions.

Question 23

What did the leaders of millets do?

Answer 23

They reported to either the sultan or his staff.

Question 24

How was Suleyman’s rule similar to the Renaissance?

Answer 24

Culture flowered and the largest Mosque in the entire empire was built (Mosque of Suleyman).

Question 25

How did the Ottoman empire begin to fade?

Answer 25

Suleyman killed one son and exiled another so the one he was left with was incompetent leading the empire to fade.

Question 26

By what means did the early Ottomans expand their empire?

Answer 26

The Ottomans expanded their empire used guns and cannons to conquer cities and nations.

Question 27

Why was Suleyman called the Lawgiver?

Answer 27

This is because he created a legal system that was able to keep order in the Ottoman Empire.