Ottomans Flashcards
What year was the Ottoman state founded?
1300
Who founded the Ottoman state?
Osman
What were ghazis?
Warriors for Islam.
What were the followers of Osman called?
Ottomans
Who called Osman Othman?
Those in the West
What was a sultan?
An overlord or one with power
Who was Timur-the-Lame?
A rebellious warrior and conqueror from Central Asia who halted the expansion of the Ottoman Empire in 1400
What was another name for Mehmed II?
Mehmed the conqueror
What did Mehmed II do that was so important?
Conquered Constantinople giving the ottomans access to the Balkans
Who was Suleyman the Lawgiver?
A sultan of the Ottoman empire who achieved major societal, cultural, and militaristic feats.
Why was Suleyman named the Lawgiver?
It was a tribute to the
splendor of his court and to his cultural achievements
What was the devshirme system?
A system where Christian boys and men were drafted into a training system to become palace guards or janissaries
What were janissaries?
The soldiers dedicated to following only the command of the sultan.
Who was the first Ottoman to declare himself sultan?
Orkhan I (Osman’s son)
Why was the Ottoman military so successful?
Gunpowder
What was the straight called that was important for the Ottomans to have?
The Strait of Bosporus
What did Selim the Grim do?
Took control of major cities for Islam (Mecca, Mendina, and Cairo)
After he invaded Austria and Hungary, what did Suleyman have to run from Istanbul?
3 wars - EU, Central Asia, and North Africa
What did Suleyman do to better Ottoman society?
He limited and simplified governmental actions.
Why did some Christian families bribe officials to take their children into the devshirme system?
Because there was a possibility that they could become powerful leaders in the future
How did Suleyman eliminate conflicts between religions?
He established millets.
What were millets?
Millets were communities of religions.
What did the leaders of millets do?
They reported to either the sultan or his staff.
How was Suleyman’s rule similar to the Renaissance?
Culture flowered and the largest Mosque in the entire empire was built (Mosque of Suleyman).
