Ottoman Empire

Question 1

This is the name given to the elite infantry units that formed the Sultan’s household troops, bodyguards and the first modern standing army in Europe.

They began as an elite corps of slaves made up of kidnapped Christian boys who were forced to convert to Islam, and became famed for internal cohesion cemented by strict discipline. Unlike typical slaves, they were paid salaries. Forbidden to marry or engage in trade, their complete loyalty to the Sultan was expected.

Answer 1

Janissaries

Question 2

The Ottoman Empire takes its name from this founder of the Ottoman dynasty.

Answer 2

Osman I

Question 3

This was the term given to the Sultan’s de facto prime minister. During the Empire’s constitutional reforms, this role became more similar to the prime ministers seen in European constitutional democracies.

Answer 3

Grand Vizier

Question 4

The Fall of Constantinople occurred when the Ottomans invaded the then Byzantine Empire-controlled city under the leadership of what ruler?

Answer 4

Mehmed II / Mehmed the Conqueror

Question 5

Which sultan commanded the Ottoman army at the 1529 siege of Vienna.

Answer 5

Suleiman I

Question 6

Before he ruled autonomously over Egypt and Sudan for more than 40 years, embarking on industrial, agricultural, and administrative reforms that transformed Egyptian society, what Ottoman Albanian commander shook up the world by taking control in Cairo in 1805 and then massacring the leaders of his Mamluk rivals in 1811? Who shook up the world? Who shook up the world?

Answer 6

Muhammad Ali