Other viruses

Question 1

Resp tract viruses:

Name some viruses?

What symptoms do they get?

How is it diagnosed apart from clinically?

It is only treated if there is complications such as immunosuppression!!!!!

Answer 1

Adenovirus
Rhinovirus
Coronovirus
RSV - resp syncytial virus

Coryza 
Pharyngitis 
Croup 
Bronchiolitis 
Pneumoni a

Viral culture
Antigen detection
PCR

Question 2

Human Papilloma Virus (HPV):

What does HPV 1 and 2 cause?

What does HPV 6 and 11 cause?

What does HPV 16 and 18 cause? ***

Who and what age are they vaccinated?

Answer 2

Skin warts

Anogenital warts

Cervical cancer

Females
Age 12-13

Question 3

Measles:

What does ND mean?

How is it spread?

Prodrome symptoms:

They get a fever!!

What are the 4 C’s that indicate a child might have measles?

They get Koplik spots:
- What colour are they and where do they appear?

Answer 3

ND = notifiable disease

Resp droplets

Cough
Corzya
Conjunctivitis
Cranky

White spots on red buccal mucosa

Question 4

Measles:

Type of rash?

Where does it start and spread to?

What is the prodrome for measles? - 2

Investigations?

Answer 4

Maculopapular rash that spreads

From face/trunk > trunk > limbs
from behind the ears to whole body, including palms and soles.

Fever and 4C’s - corzya, conjunctivitis, cough and koplik spots

Serum IgM and/or throat swab PCR

Question 5

Measles:

Management for patient

Answer 5

Rest
Oral fluids
Paracetamol
Isolate patient if hospitalised

Question 6

Measles:

Complications of measles

• Resp
• ENT
• CNS - during/post infection and years later - 3
• Liver
• Something specific in children to do with temperature
• In utero

Answer 6

Giant cell pneumonia - commonest cause of death

Otitis media

Acute meningitis (during/post infection)
Encephalitis (during/post infection)
Subacute sclerosing panexnephalitis (years later)

Hepatitis

Febrile convulsions

Fetal malformations

Question 7

Measles:

Post-exposure prophylaxis - when?

• Who tends to get this?
• What is given to infants under 12 months
• What is given to infants 6-12 months who are under 72 hours of exposure?
• What is given to severely immunocomprimised people to help them fight the virus?
• What should be done for unvaccinated pregnancy women?

Answer 7

Within 6 days for vulnerable contacts

IMIG - Intramuscular Immune Globulin (IMIG)

MMR

IVIG

Check IgG and give IVIG if negative

Question 8

Mumps:

How is it spread?

How long does immunity last?

What systemic prodromal S+S do they have?

What gland tend to swell?

What do males get?

Answer 8

Droplets

A lifetime once infected

Malaise
Fever
Headache
Myalgia

Painful parotid swelling and may become bilateral

Epididymo-orchitis - swollen balls - may cause infertility

Question 9

Mumps:

Complications

• CNS
• Ortho
• Gi

Answer 9

Meningitis

Arthritis

Pancreatitis

Question 10

Rubella:

Another name for it?

Type of rash? Where does it start? Does it spread?

What prodromal symptoms do they have?

Other symptoms

Answer 10

German measles

Macular rash on face which spreads

Fever
Rihinorrhoea
Conjunctivitis

Itchy
Painful suboccipital and postarticular lymphadenopathy

Question 11

Rubella:

Why is it tested for in pregnancy?

Answer 11

It can lead to serious fetal malformations

Sensorineural hearing loss/retinopathy

Question 12

Rubella:

Complications

• Ortho
• In-utero - 4

Answer 12

Arthiritis

Fetal malformations
Deafness
Blindness
Heart defects