Mosquito-Borne Disease Flashcards
What are mosquitos also referred to as?
What type of mosquito causes this disease?
Arthropods - so they are also called arthropod-borne viruses
Aedes aegypti mosquito
Dengue fever:
What 2 continents are they common in?
Presentation:
- What are the main flu-like symptoms? - 3
- What type of rash do they have?
- What eye symptoms do they have? - 2
- Dengue haemorrhagic fever - what is this?
- What is Dengue shock syndrome?
Southeast Asia
Central and South America
Fever
Arthralgia and myalgia (‘breakbone fever’)
Headache
Rash (flushing/petechial)
Retroorbital pain
Red eye
Causes severe bleeding, a sudden drop in blood pressure (shock) and death.
Low systolic BP
Dengue fever:
What is done to diagnose it?
How is it managed?
Why are NSAIDs avoided?
Serum PCR or IgM ELISA (> 5 days)
Supportive
It may exacerbate haemorrhage
Chikungunya:
What 3 continents are they found in?
Presentation:
- They get a fever. What 2 symptoms are very severe which could differentiate this from the others?
- They also get a rash. What may they get in their eye?
What is done to diagnose it?
How is it managed?
Asia
Africa
Americas
Severe arthralgia and myalgia - may persist for yrs
Uveitis
Supportive
Yellow fever:
What 2 continents are they common in?
Presentation:
- It has a mild, non-specific syndrome. What 3 symptoms do they get?
- Where do they get pain?
- 15% enter remission followed by severe symptoms 48 hrs later. What severe symptoms do they have?
How is it diagnosed?
How is it managed?
South America
Africa
Fever
Myalgia
Headache
Lower back pain ==== Epigastric pain Jaundice Haemorrhage Varying degree of multiorgan failure
IgM ELISA (> 5 days)
Supportive
Zika Virus:
What 2 areas of the world is this seen?
How else can it transmitted?
Presentation:
- What type of rash do they get?
- What systemic symptoms do they get? - 2
- What eye presentation do they get? - 1
What can it cause congenitally?
It can cause Guillain-Barre syndrome. What is it?
Caribbean
Latin America
Sexually
Maculopapular
Fever
Myalgia
Conjunctivitis
Microcephaly
Guillain-Barre syndrome is a rare disorder in which your body’s immune system attacks your nerves. Weakness and tingling in your extremities are usually the first symptoms. These sensations can quickly spread, eventually paralyzing your whole body.
Zika Virus:
How is it diagnosed?
How is it managed?
How long after exposure should women avoid getting pregnant?
Pregnant women should avoid travel to high-risk areas.
How long should male partners use condoms for after returning from a high-risk area?
Serum PCR or IgM ELISA (> 5 days)
Supportive
2 months
6 months
