Other types of burns **** Flashcards
Chemical burns
Management approach
How is it confirmed?
Initial Rx and for how long?
Who should all chemical burn patients be referred to?
ABCDE
Skin pH
Irrigation with water for 30 minutes
Plastics
Chemical burns
Rx for alkali burns
Why are they usually worse than acid burns?
Hydrofluroic acid - what does it react with in blood?
- what could this lead to? - how is it treated?
Surgical debridement
Burns through fat
Calcium
Hypocalcaemia causing arrhythmias
Topical and IV calcium gluconate
Electrical burns
Causes
Complications
- Heart
- Muscle - can get it if on the floor for ages after a fall
- Why could you get compartment syndrome?
Management
- What should be checked to rule out something that happens above?
Lighting
Domestic
Stealing copper from electricity substations
Arrhythmias - usually instant
Rhabdomyolysis
Burns deeper that it seems - get pain out of proportion with superficial signs
Urine dip and CK for rhabdomyolysis
Fluids
Surgical for compartment syndrome
Freezing burns - Severity:
Frostnip - where does it effect? symptoms? recovery?
Affects skin only
White and numb
Quick recovery when warmed
Freezing burns - Severity:
Frostbite - where does it effect? symptoms? what may happen to it if it’s warmed? recovery?
Affects subcutaneous fat
White and numb + waxy and firm
Blister
Dead, black tissue that falls off and skin heals fine
Freezing burns - Severity:
Deep frostbite - where does it effect? symptoms? recovery?
Affects muscles, nerves and/or bone
Hard, grey/white even after warning
Blood filled blisters
Dead tissue eventually falls off
Freezing burns - Management:
- ASAP
- Pain
- Reperfusion syndrome
- Daily
Warm
Place in warm bath until circulation return
Do not rub dry
Analgesia
Aspirin to have re-perfusion
Clean daily
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READ MORE ON PAGE 769
