Emergencies**** Flashcards
Causes
Idiopathic Food - nuts, seeds, shellfish, dairy Drugs Insect bites Contact - latex Viral/parasitic infections Autoimmune Hereditary
Pathophysiology
Local increase in permeability of capillaries and small venues
Presentations:
Urticaria - pathophysiology? main symptom? what are they described as?
Angioedema - pathophysiology? where you get it? main symptom?
Why is anaphylaxis important in derm?
Swelling involved the superficial dermis, raising the epidermis
Itchy wheals
Deeper swelling involving the dermis and subcutaneous tissues
Swelling of the tongue and lips
Urticaria and angioedema could be early signs of it
Management for:
Urticaria
Severe urticaria and angioedema
Anaphylaxis
Complications from angioedema and anaphylaxis
Antihistamines
Corticosteroids
Adrenaline
Corticosteroids
Antihistamines
May lead to asphyxia, cardiac arrest and death
Acute meningococcaemia
Pathogen
Presentation
Management
Complications
Neisseria meningtides
Features of meningitis (headache, fever etc.)
Septicaemia
Typical rash
Non-blanching purpuric rash on the trunk and extremities which may be preceded by blanching maculopapular rash .
Antibiotics
Prophylactic antibiotics for close contacts
Septicaemic shock
DIC
Mutli-organ failure
Eczema herpeticum
What is it?
Casue
Widespread eruption - serious complication of atopic eczema
HSV
Extensive crusted papules, blisters and erosions
Systemically unwell - fever, malaise
Antivirals - acyclovir
Antibiotics for bacterial secondary infection
Herpes hepatits
Encephalitis
DIC
Necrotising fascilitis
What is it?
Causes
Presentation
Management
Rapidly spreading infection of the deep fascia with secondary tissue necrosis
Group A haemolytic strep
Severe pain Erythematous Blistering Necrotic skin Systemically unwell with fever
Urgent surgical debridement
Intravenous antibiotics
