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Nutrition Exam 3 > Other test Q's > Flashcards

Other test Q's Flashcards

1
Q

deficiency in Zn or Fe is more likely to cause skin problems

A

Zn

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2
Q

Deficiency in (Ca or I) can result in hairless newborn and/or stillborn pigs

A

I

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3
Q

deficiency in Mg or Cu can result in discolored wool

A

Cu

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4
Q

what mineral is associated with enzootic ataxia in newborn lambs

A

Copper

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5
Q

what mineral is associated with the problem of newborn foals that are born weak and usually die b/c of their inability to stand and suckle the mare

A

Iodine

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6
Q

what mineral is associated with irregular estrus cycles; fetal resorption or birth of small, weak pigs; poor udder development and little, if any, milk

A

Manganese (Mn)

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7
Q

what mineral is associated with fluorosis of the teeth of babies as a result of maternal ingestion of too much of this mineral ?

A

fluorine

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8
Q

which nutrient would you be concerned about the animal having in the situation of turning cattle onto lush pasture in the spring

A

magnesium

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9
Q

which nutrient would you be concerned about the animal having in the situation of a group of dairy heifers that will soon calve and begin milking

A

calcium

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10
Q

which nutrient would you be concerned about the animal having in the situation of using a lot of urea as a substitute for natural protein in ruminant rations

A

sulfur

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11
Q

which nutrient would you be concerned about the animal having in the situation of high fat usage in swine/poultry diets (which could cause oxidative rancidity problems)

A

selenium

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12
Q

osteomalacia is a deficiency symptom involving which mineral?

A

Ca or P

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13
Q

anemia is a deficiency symptom involving which mineral?

A

Iron, copper, or cobalt

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14
Q

slipped tendon or perosis is a deficiency symptom involving what mineral?

A

manganese

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15
Q

peat scours is a deficiency symptom involving which mineral?

A

copper

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16
Q

albino condition in humans is a deficiency symptom involving which mineral?

A

copper

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17
Q

what mineral may serve only as a component of vitamin B12

A

cobalt

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18
Q

salt toxicity is not a problem if there is an adequate supply of _____

A

water

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19
Q

hormone associated with Iodine

A

thyroxine

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20
Q

hormone associated with calcium

A

parathormone

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21
Q

hormone associated with chromium

A

insulin

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22
Q

factors affecting toxicity of a mineral

A 
amount in diet
time
response parameter
form of the mineral
species
interacting minerals
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23
Q

which 2 of the currently supplemented minerals has maximum inclusion rates set by the food and drug administration?

A

selenium and chromium

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24
Q

name the 6 nutrient classes

A 
carbohydrates
lipids
proteins
water
vitamins 
minerals
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25
Q

principle protein digesting enzyme in the stomach/abomasum? what activates the inactive zymogen into this active enzyme?

A

pepsin

HCl

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26
Q

endopeptidase vs. exopeptidase

A 
endo = attact internal peptide bonds
exo = attacks terminal peptide bond
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27
Q

dipeptidase is an

A

exopeptidase

28
Q

*list the 10 amino acids classified as dietary essentials for pigs, rats, dogs, and growing humans

A 
MATT HILL VP 
Methionine 
Arginine
Threonine
Tryptophan
Histidine
Isoleucine
Leucine
Lysine
Valine
Phenylalanine
29
Q

*the linkage between one aa and another in a protein is called a

A

peptide bond

30
Q

the aromatic amino acid to which iodine is added to make T4

A

tyrosine

31
Q

group of amino acids that are in relatively greater need in poultry due to their high content in feathers

A

s-containing aa

32
Q

name a basic aa

A

lysine, arginine

33
Q

when aa are present inexcess, the excess is catabolized for the energy in the carbon skeleton and the nitrogen is excreated via:

A

urea

34
Q

2 factors affecting microbial protein synthesis

A
  1. available energy

2. available nitrogen

35
Q

which has a higher NPN content of the feedstuff: immature corn vs mature corn

A

immature corn

36
Q

which has a higher NPN content of the feedstuff: fresh-chopped corn vs. ensiled corn

A

ensiled corn

37
Q

with regard to NPN utilization, which is higher: increased energy content of the diet compared to a low energy diet

A

increased energy content of the diet

38
Q

with regard to NPN utilization, which is higher: less frequent feeding vs more frequent feeding

A

more frequent feeding

39
Q

with regard to NPN utilization, which is higher: high roughage died vs high concentrate diet

A

high concentrate diet

40
Q

with regard to N recycling which is greater? lower dietary crude protein content vs higher content

A

lower dietary crude protein content

41
Q

with regard to the extent of degradation of protein in the rumen, increased time the feed spends in the rumen…

A

increases the extent of degradation of protein

42
Q

with regard to the extent of degradation of protein in the rumen, a lower rumen pH compared to the normal rumen pH…

A

a lower pH decreases the extent of degradation of protein

43
Q

with regard to the extent of degradation of protein in the rumen, the heat treatment of a protein supplement compared to no heat treatment

A

heat treatment decreases the extent of degradation of protein

44
Q

2 primary protein types

A

albumin, globulin

45
Q

what dietary compound often fed to ruminants is clearly enhanced the most

A

NPN or biuret or urea

46
Q

4 reasons that animals are subject to mineral deficiencies

A
  1. suboptimal amount in feed
  2. imbalance
  3. increased rate of passage of element through the gut of body (E.G. scours)
  4. a metabolic antagonist
47
Q

the process wherein an organic agent will bind a mineral to varying degrees, this generally has the effect of sequestering or isolating the mineral from interactions which other compounds

A

chelation

48
Q

the 3 minerals that are in bone in the greatest amounts are

A

Ca, P, Mg

49
Q

which 2 species are most likely to be deficient in Ca++ due to thier very rapid growth rate and their diet composition

A

swine and poultry

50
Q

depraved appetite, marked by chewing on many materials to which the animal has access

A

Pica

51
Q

common occurrence in cows and ewes turned on lush spring grass

A

grass tetany

52
Q

improper calcification of growing bones

A

rickets

53
Q

a hemorrhagic, edematous disease

A

exudative diathesis

54
Q

commonly called “slipped tendon”; hock joint ecomes swollen; tendon slips from its condyle

A

perosis

55
Q

softening/weakening of adult bones

A

osteomalacia

56
Q

condition in which there is a reduction in the normal rbc status

A

anemia

57
Q

an enlargement of the thyroid gland

A

goiter

58
Q

a disorder of the outer layers of skin, skin can become flaky or hard and callous- like

A

parakeratosis

59
Q

most likely cause of rickets in grazing calves

A

P deficiency

60
Q

most likely cause of rickets in confined, suckling animals

A

lack of vit D

61
Q

what common feed ingredient is used to regulate trace mineral intake

A

salt

62
Q

hormone associated with sodium (Na)

A

aldosterone

63
Q 
which of the following could Zn NOT be bound to to create a chelated form of Zn:
protein hydrolysate
lysine
sulfate
starch
A

sulfate

64
Q

an increase in the Ca content of the diet from 1% to 2% can be detrimental, would it more likely be detrimental in a diet that had a P content of 1% or .5%?

A

.5%

65
Q

for what species of physiologic state would 2% Ca be considered b/c the species/physiologic state has such an inordinately high Ca requirement?

A

laying hen

66
Q

increased mortality of newborn lambs and calves: white muscle disease lamb and calves are associated with what mineral deficiency

A

selenium

Nutrition Exam 3 (6 decks)

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