Other terms

Question 1

Axial skeleton

Answer 1

Skull
vertebrae
ribs
sacrum
coccyx

Question 2

Appendicular skeleton

Answer 2

shoulder girdle
extremities
pelvis

Question 3

Closed chain movement examples are:

Answer 3

sit to stand
pivoting
walking

Question 4

Muscle origin

Answer 4

stationary part

Question 5

insertion

Answer 5

moveable part

Question 6

osteoblast

Answer 6

cells that form new bone

derived from bone marrow

Question 7

osteoclast

Answer 7

cells that dissolve bone

derived from bone marrow

Question 8

osteocytes

Answer 8

mature bone cells

trapped in new bone

Question 9

embryonic skeleton is composed of?

Answer 9

hyaline cartilage

Question 10

Describe what endochondral ossification is?

Answer 10

replacement of hyaline cartilage

Question 11

Endochondral ossification step 1

Answer 11

• Formation of a cartilage model

- chondroblasts secrete a cartilage matrix to shape bone.

Question 12

Endochondral ossification step 2

Answer 12

• Bone collar and periosteum formation
  
  • artery penetrates
  • osteoblasts deposit a boney matrix (osteiod)
  • perichondrium develop into bone

Question 13

Endochondral ossification step 3

Answer 13

• Primary ossification center formation
  
  • bone collar deprives nutrients to cartilage causing death
  • osteoblasts carry capillaries to grow in center and form trabecular bone.

Question 14

Endochondral ossification step 4

Answer 14

• Remodeling
  
  • ossification continues and forms diaphysis
  • stuck osteoblasts become oseocytes

Question 15

diaphysis

Answer 15

shaft of the bone

Question 16

Endochondral ossification step 5

Answer 16

• Secondary ossification formation
  
  • blood vessels enter the epiphysis forming an ossification center
  • cartilage on epiphysis is called articular cartilage
  • hyaline cartilatige left between diaphysis and epiphysis called epiphyseal plate

Question 17

diarthrotic joint

Answer 17

freely moveable

Question 18

joint cavity

Answer 18

containing synovial fluid

Question 19

synovial fluid

Answer 19

provides nurtrion, lubrication and shock absorption

Question 20

articular surface

Answer 20

covered by hyaline cartilage

-provides smooth surface for movement

Question 21

synoovial membrane

Answer 21

lines the joint capsule

produces synovial fluid

Question 22

fibrous membrane

Answer 22

composed of large amounts of collagen fibers and few elastic fibers