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Other Stuff Flashcards

1
Q

a thought experiment proposing how the second law of Thermodynamics could be broken

A

Maxwell’s Demon

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2
Q

Supreme Court Case: African Americans could not be Americans, Chief Justice Robert Taney

A

Dred Scott vs. Sandford

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3
Q

Supreme Court Case: separate but equal, John Marshall Harlan the only opposer

A

Plessy vs. Ferguson

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4
Q

Supreme Court Case: defendants must be given legal counsel (reversed the convictions of nine young black men for allegedly raping two white women on a freight train near Scottsboro, Alabama)

A

Powell vs. Alabama

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5
Q

Supreme Court Case: could not enforce racially restrictive housing, Chief Justice Fred Vinson, an African-American family purchased a house in St. Louis that was subject to a restrictive covenant preventing “people of the Negro or Mongolian Race” from occupying the property.

A

Shelley vs. Kraemer

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6
Q

Supreme Court Case: Separate is not equal

A

Brown vs. BOE

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7
Q

Supreme Court Case: Freedom Riders, desegregated transportation

A

Bailey vs. Patterson

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8
Q

Supreme Court Case: hotels could be desegregated

A

Heart of Atlanta Motel vs. US

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9
Q

Supreme Court Case: States could not ban interracial marriage

A

Loving vs. Virginia

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10
Q

Supreme Court Case: upheld affirmative action

A

Regents of the University of California vs. Bakke

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11
Q

Supreme Court Case: affirmative action to increase diversity is legal

A

Grutter vs. Bollinger, Fisher vs. University of Texas

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12
Q

DNA appears as this, before being condensed into chromosomes during mitosis.

A

Chromatin

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13
Q

Within the nucleus are this, which contain ribosomal RNA.

A

nucleoli

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14
Q

In these organisms, the nucleus is surrounded by a selectively-permeable nuclear envelope.

A

eukaryotes

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15
Q

coordinate protein synthesis, or translation, read the messenger RNA copy of the DNA and assemble the appropriate amino acids into protein chains.

A

Ribosomes

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16
Q

site of respiration and oxidative phosphorylation, processes that produce energy for the cell in the form of ATP. The inner membrane of this organelle forms folds called cristae, which are suspended in a fluid called the matrix.

A

Mitochondria

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17
Q

tube-like membranes within the nucleus envelope, parts are rough because of ribosomes, proteins undergo modifications and folding in this organelle.

A

Endoplasmic Reticulum

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18
Q

“post office of the cell”, protein gets stored, labelled, and packaged

A

Golgi Apparatus

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19
Q

break down proteins and other stuff with digestive enzymes

A

Lysosomes

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20
Q

contain grana, which are stacks of single membrane structures called thylakoids on which the reactions of photosynthesis occur.

A

Chloroplasts

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21
Q

mainly in plants, storage bin for food

A

Vacuoles

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22
Q

Little hair of cellular organisms that let them move

A

Cilia

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23
Q

Tail of cellular organisms that let them move

A

Flagella

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24
Q

Amendment for freedom of religion, speech, the press, assembly, and petition

A

First Amendment

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25
Q

Amendment for “no capital crime except when charges by grand jury; no double jeopardy; no witness against self”

A

Fifth Amendment

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26
Q

Amendment for “Right to speedy trial, info about accusation, help from court with lawyer”

A

Sixth Amendment

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27
Q

Amendment that prohibits slavery

A

13th Amendment

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28
Q

Amendment for “no denying the vote because of race or color, or because he/she was slave”

A

15th Amendment

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29
Q

Amendment banning alcohol

A

18th Amendment

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30
Q

Amendment that gave women right to vote

A

19th Amendment

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31
Q

Amendment that repealed the amendment that banned alcohol

A

21st Amendment

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32
Q

Amendment that limits presidents to two terms

A

22nd Amendment

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33
Q

Amendment that lowered voting age to 18

A

26th Amendment

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34
Q

Religious text of Confucius sayings, ren and li

A

The Analects

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35
Q

Jewish bible that’s not considered “canon”, includes Judith and Tobit

A

Apocrypha

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36
Q

Religious text of Zoroastrianism, talks about Ahura Mazda vs. Angra Mainyu

A

Avesta

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37
Q

“song of God”, poem found in Ramayana where Krishnu tells Arjuna why he has to fight

A

Bhagavad-Gita

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38
Q

philosophical text behind Taoism, written by Lao Tzu, restraint and passiveness, order of the universe

A

Tao Te Ching

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39
Q

a report of the words or actions of a Muslim religious figure, most frequently the prophet Muhammad.

A

Hadith

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40
Q

religious text published by Joseph Smith, inscribed on gold plates, Lamanites and Nephites

A

Book of Mormon

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41
Q

sacred scripture of Islam, divided into chapters called suras

A

Koran

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42
Q

codification of Jewish oral law, Mishnah (the laws themselves), and the Gemara (scholarly commentary on the Mishnah)

A

Talmud

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43
Q

set of commentaries that accompany the Vedas

A

Upanishads

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44
Q

hymnbook on Indra (god of thunder), Varuna (cosmic order), and Agni (fire)

A

Vedas

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45
Q

The basis for ancient Chinese philosophy and religion, yin and yang

A

Yijing

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46
Q

Attila the Hun was defeated at …

A

Catalaunian Fields

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47
Q

Goths, led by Fritigern, defeated Roman emperor ??? at Adrianople

A

Valens

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48
Q

Which group led by Alaric sacked Rome

A

Visigoths

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49
Q

Which group occupied Carthage

A

Vandals

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50
Q

Haiti’s capital

A

Port-au-prince

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51
Q

Ecuador’s capital

A

Quito

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52
Q

Bolivia’s capitals

A

La Paz and Sucre

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53
Q

largest Antarctic ice shelf

A

Ross Ice Shelf

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54
Q

longest river in Canada

A

Mackenzie River

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55
Q

this river forms border between Texas and Mexico

A

Rio Grande

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56
Q

longest river in Asia, third longest in the world

A

Yangtze (Changjiang)

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57
Q

China’s second longest river

A

Yellow River

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58
Q

river sacred in Hinduism, flows to the world’s largest delta

A

Ganges River

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59
Q

chief river in Pakistan

A

Indus River

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60
Q

longest river in France

A

Loire River

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61
Q

second longest river in France, flows through Paris

A

Seine River

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62
Q

principal river of the Iberian Peninsula

A

Tagus River

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63
Q

Italy’s longest river

A

Po River

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64
Q

Ireland’s longest river

A

Shannon River

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65
Q

river that flows through London

A

Thames

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66
Q

world’s longest river

A

Nile

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67
Q

Africa’s second longest river

A

Congo River

68
Q

river that has Victoria Falls

A

Zambezi River

69
Q

Africa’s third longest river

A

Niger River

70
Q

Africa’s largest and world’s second largest freshwater lake

A

Lake Victoria

71
Q

Africa’s second largest lake, world’s second deepest

A

Lake Tanganyika

72
Q

World’s deepest lake

A

Lake Baikal

73
Q

Africa’s third largest lake

A

Lake Malawi

74
Q

world’s largest manmade lake

A

Lake Volta

75
Q

highest mountain in North America, located in Alaska.

A

Mount Denali

76
Q

second tallest mountain in Africa.

A

Mount Kenya

77
Q

tallest mountain in Australia.

A

Mount Kosciuszko

78
Q

the highest point in the Southern Hemisphere, in Argentina

A

Mount Aconcagua

79
Q

the longest mountain range in the world

A

Andes Mountains

80
Q

highest mountain in Antarctica

A

Vinson Massif

81
Q

mountains that separate Spain and France

A

Pyrenees Mountains

82
Q

longest mountain range in Europe

A

Scandinavian Mountains

83
Q

Prominent mountain range in Australia

A

MacDonnell Mountains

84
Q

Mountain range in Italy

A

Apennines

85
Q

mountain range that separates Asia from Europe

A

Ural Mountains

86
Q

World’s second largest desert

A

Sahara

87
Q

in Chile, rain shadow of the Andes, making it world’s driest, subject of War of the Pacific, has nitrate resources

A

Atacama Desert

88
Q

Battle where Joan of Arc turned the tides

A

Siege of Orleans

89
Q

Battle that was the turning point of the Civil War

A

Battle of Gettysburg

90
Q

Turning point for Russians from German invasion during WW2

A

Siege of Stalingrad

91
Q

Alexander won this battle, leading to the fall of the Persian Empire

A

The Battle of Arbela

92
Q

Hannibal’s greatest defeat was in this battle, where Roman used loud horns to scare off elephants

A

Battle of Zama

93
Q

Nelson’s Pillar of this city was blown up by terrorists in 1966, River Liffey flows through this city

A

Dublin, Ireland

94
Q

25th of April bridge is the longest suspension bridge in Europe and is in this city

A

Lisbon, Portugal

95
Q

tax that generates negative externalities

A

Pigouvian Tax

96
Q

Ramsey’s Rules of Optimal ??? is based on the quantity

demanded of each good to minimize total burden

A

Ramsey’s Rules of Optimal Taxation

97
Q

Limerick, Tipperary, Offaly, Laois, and Cork are examples of ???

A

Counties of Ireland

98
Q

method of adding hydroxyl groups to alkenes, using boron, converts an alkene into an alcohol, an anti-Markovnikov reaction

A

Hydroboration–oxidation

99
Q

Random motion in water, first discovered by pollen in water, Einstein published, described by the Langevin equation

A

Brownian Motion

100
Q

Bacteria can be either positive or negative of this, differentiates by the amount of peptidoglycan in their cell walls,

A

Gram Stain

101
Q

National god of Babylon, defeated Kingu and seized the Tablets of Destiny, Babylonian god of thunderstorms who created humans after defeating Tiamat, winged dragon called Mushussu

A

Marduk

102
Q

Law that accompanied 18th Amendment, this act passed despite Woodrow Wilson’s veto

A

Volstead Act/ National Prohibition Act

103
Q

One rule governing SN1 reactions is this one that states that of possible alkene products of a reaction, the more substituted one is the major product.

A

Zaitsev’s rule

104
Q

framework of “methodic doubt” led him to distrust the truth of ideas which could be posed by an “evil genius” trying to deceive him. Descartes also declared “Cogito, ergo sum,” in this work

A

Meditations

105
Q

group of Catholics who were executed by crucifixion on February 5, 1597, at Nagasaki

A

Twenty-Six Martyrs of Japan

106
Q

1572 massacre of Huguenots ordered by Charles IX and Catherine de Medici, marriage of Margaret of Valois and Henry of Navarre, Effectively ending the brief Peace of Saint-Germain

A

Saint Bartholomew’s Day massacre

107
Q

This airport has a statue of a blue horse (Blucifer)

A

Denver Airport

108
Q

John Adams was president during this “affair” with France that started the Quasi War

A

XYZ Affair

109
Q

Capital of Myanmar

A

Naypyidaw

110
Q

Largest city in Myanmar (not its capital)

A

Yangon

111
Q

Capital of Sierra Leone

A

Freetown

112
Q

Largest object in the asteroid belt, smallest dwarf planet

A

Ceres

113
Q

doctrine of the invalidation of a U.S. state law that conflicts with federal law

A

Preemption Doctrine

114
Q

Treaty that ended World War 1, Truman brought up 14 points during the signing of this treaty

A

Treaty of Versailles

115
Q

Handel wrote these pieces in response to George I’s request for a concert on the River Thames

A

Water Music

116
Q

composer of the operas Almira, Rinaldo, and Giulio Cesare, “Hallelujah Chorus” in Messiah, “Dead March” and “Arrival of the Queen of Sheba”, known for oratorios

A

George Frideric Handel

117
Q

Treaty that ended the War of Spanish Succession, put Philip Duke of Anjou as King of Spain

A

Treaty of Utrecht

118
Q

Treaty that ended the War of 1812 between the U.S. and Britain.

A

The Treaty of Ghent

119
Q

ended the Russo-Japanese War, brokered by Theodore Roosevelt of which he won a Nobel Peace prize, Japan received Liadong peninsula as a result

A

Treaty of Portsmouth

120
Q

Treaty that settled a boundary dispute between the U.S. and Spain that arose following the Louisiana Purchase. Florida was sold to the US

A

Adams-Onís Treaty

121
Q

Egypt’s Anwar Sadat and Israel’s Menachem Begin; they were brokered by U.S. President Jimmy Carter, returned the Sinai Peninsula to Egypt, guaranteed Israeli access to the Red Sea and Suez Canal,

A

Camp David Accords

122
Q

Treaty that ended the Mexican-American War, transferred California, Nevada and others to US, made Rio Grande border between Texas and Mexico

A

Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

123
Q

“separate peace” signed by the Bolshevik government of the new USSR and Germany during WW1, USSR needed to focus on Russian Civil War, gave up Ukraine and Belarus

A

Treaty of Brest-Litovsk

124
Q

Treaty that created the independent country of the Vatican City, signed by Mussolini

A

Lateran Treaty

125
Q

Treaty that ended the Spanish-American War and transferred Guam, the Philippines, and Puerto Rico to the U.S. while making Cuba (ostensibly) independent.

A

Treaty of Paris of 1898

126
Q

This equation can be used to figure out PH during titration

A

Henderson-Hasselbalch equation

127
Q

the name given by the Spanish to the more notable parts of the Inca road system, Twenty one missions in California were connected with this 600-mile pathway administered by the Spanish that stretched from San Diego to Sonoma.

A

Camino Real

128
Q

A large, mainly Gothic church created in 1245 for King Henry III and the traditional place of coronation and burial site for English, later British monarchs.

A

Westminster Abbey

129
Q

After this coastal city of the Levant refused to allow Alexander to sacrifice at its shrine to Heracles, he took it in a siege of unprecedented proportions, building a massive causeway to reach the island it was built on.

A

Tyre

130
Q

The treaty recognized Spain’s exclusive claim to all new world territory more than three hundred seventy miles west of the Cape Verde Islands

A

Treaty of Tordesillas

131
Q

These proteins are responsible for the modulation of various components and processes of the cell cycle. They operate by binding to namesake dependent kinases that in turn phosphorylate other proteins.

A

Cyclins

132
Q

Bosonic string theory predicts the existence of 26 dimensions, though all other string theories use this number of spacetime dimensions. M-theory adds one more dimension.

A

Ten

133
Q

Name this faction of moderate French revolutionaries who opposed the Montagnards and who had a power base largely concentrated in the provinces, such as their namesake one, lost out to the Jacobins

A

Girondins

134
Q

Lessing was one of the direct influences on this German literary movement, which emphasizes the nature and human emotions. Its philosophical leader was Johann von Herder.

A

Storm and Stress

135
Q

Capital of Romania

A

Bucharest

136
Q

this was a military and civilian-involved confrontation in 1838–1839 between the United States and the United Kingdom over the international boundary between the British colony of New Brunswick and the U.S. state of Maine.

A

Arostook War

137
Q

name this substance traditionally viewed to cause acidosis during extreme exercise, used to create ATP when oxygen is unavailable

A

Lactic Acid

138
Q

The Kroll Process is used to extract this metal

A

Titanium

139
Q

Its first president was Adolphe Thiers, and this government also endured the Dreyfus Affair. It was replaced by Vichy France.

A

French Third Republic

140
Q

war fought between the forces of the Kingdom of Hungary and its allies, led by Louis II, and those of the Ottoman Empire, led by Suleiman the Magnificent. King Louis drowned while attempting to flee, resulted in the end of the Jagiellon Dynasty

A

Battle of Mohacs

141
Q

Their wavefunction is described by the Gross-Pitaevskii equation. They were first created by Cornell, Wieman, and Ketterle by laser-cooling a bunch of rubidium atoms. For 10 points, name this system consisting of a bunch of degenerate ultracold bosons.

A

Bose-Einstein Condensates (or BECs)

142
Q

name this country, the home of the director of The Seventh Seal (knights plays chess with the Devil), Ingmar Bergman

A

Sweden

143
Q

Name this holiday in which people light lamps to guide Rama home after his defeat of Ravana.

A

Diwali

144
Q

This other Hindu holiday, which either celebrates the love of Krishna and Radha, or an instance in which
Prahlada was saved from burning by Vishnu, sees people throw colored powder at each other.

A

Holi

145
Q

These Hindu festivals, some of which honor Durga, Saraswati and Lakshmi, are general ceremonies honoring a deity. They usually involve fire, chanting, and in America, kids getting pizza.

A

Puja

146
Q

this period in french history was characterized by the fall of the monarchy, the establishment of the National Convention and the Reign of Terror, the Thermidorian Reaction and the founding of the Directory, and, finally, the creation of the Consulate and Napoleon’s rise to power.

A

French First Republic

147
Q

this was a short-lived republican government of France under President Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte. It lasted from the 1848 Revolution to the 1851 coup by which the president made himself Emperor Napoleon III

A

French Second Republic

148
Q

a series of civil wars in France between 1648 and 1653, occurring in the midst of the Franco-Spanish War, name this civil war in France during the minority of Louis XIV that takes its name from a sling

A

The Fronde

149
Q

Led by promises that the Buddha would return, participants in this late eighteenth-century Chinese rebellion were ineffectively dealt with by Heshen, who embezzled a lot of the funds that were to be used to put it down.

A

White Lotus Rebellion

150
Q

an optical phenomenon in which linearly polarized light undergoes a small lateral shift when totally internally reflected.

A

Goos-Hanchen Effect

151
Q

shape-shifting spirit inhabiting lakes in Scottish folklore. usually described as a black horse-like creature, able to adopt human form

A

Kelpies

152
Q

“Europe’s last dictator” is leader of this country

A

Belarus

153
Q

Due to the construction of the Aswan High Dam, the Temple of Debod was moved to this city, 2004 terrorist attack in one of its train stations, home to Prado art museum and Queen Sofia Museum, Las Ventas Bullfighting Ring

A

Madrid

154
Q

1916 Easter Rising ,led by James Connolly and Patrick Pearse, occured in this city, 1913 lockout, capital of Ireland

A

Dublin

155
Q

This project, which went fourteen hundred percent over budget, had its original architect resign in the “Malice in Blunderland” incident in 1966, shell-like building designed by Jorn Utzon near the Harbour Bridge in Australia, Peter Hall made interior design changes

A

Sydney Opera House

156
Q

This agreement was declared “null, and void of all validity for ever” by Pope Innocent III. It was drafted by Stephen Langton, Archbishop of Canterbury, and could not avert the First Barons’ War. signed by King John at Runnymede in 1215

A

Magna Carta

157
Q

name this doubly-eponymous law in population genetics which describes a population whose allele and genotype frequencies remain constant in its namesake equilibrium.

A

Hardy-Weinberg Equation

158
Q

island deceptively named by Erik the Red to disguise its true degree of inhospitability to settlement, capital of Nuuk, the US operates Thule Air Base here,

A

Greenland

159
Q

The main fighting during this event takes place at a field called Vigrith. the giant Surt sets fire to the world, burning Yggdrasil, Those who meet up after this event find golden playing pieces, three consecutive winters mark the beginning of this event

A

Ragnarok

160
Q

nobility in this modern-day country launched the Uva rebellion, This country’s highest peak is known as either Adam’s Peak or Sri Pada, called ‘Ceylon’ during British rule, capital whose main gate is shaped like a lion’s paws.

A

Sri Lanka

161
Q

name this autonomous community in northeastern Spain that is home to FC Barcelona.

A

Catalonia

162
Q

This movement was founded in Minnesota by a Department of Agriculture employee who wished to modernize Southern farming practices, Oliver Hudson Kelley, sought a set of namesake laws to regulate rising fare prices.

A

Grange Movement

163
Q

name this 1879 Granger case, which upheld the constitutionality of regulating grain elevator rates in a Midwest state.

A

Munn vs. Illinois

164
Q

This desert, partly located in Arizona and California, is the hottest in Mexico. This namesake desert of the state between Chihuahua and Baja California is home to the saguaro cactus.

A

Sonoran Desert

165
Q

Forrest Gump’s cross-country run ends with this location in the background, which was featured in several John Ford films. This set of sandstone formations lies on the border between Utah and Arizona. often used as backdrop for westerns

A

Monument Valley

166
Q

The first man to officially hold this position is Thomas Jefferson, James Monroe held this position as well

A

Secretary of State

Quizbowl (12 decks)

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