Other Products From Oil Flashcards

1
Q

Give three ways in which alkenes are different from alkanes?

A

Alkenes have a double bond. They are unsaturated hydrocarbons. It reacts with bromine water turning it from orange to colourless.

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2
Q

How are polymers made?

A

From many small molecules or monomers that react or join together or polymerise to make a very large or very long molecule.

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3
Q

How many monomers are there in a poly(ethene) molecule?

A

Thousands or a very large number.

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4
Q

Why can we make polymers from alkenes but not from alkanes?

A

Alkenes are more reactive or are unsaturated or have a double bond.

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5
Q

What is a shape-memory polymer?

A

A type of polymer that can change back to their original shape when temperature or other conditions are changed.

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6
Q

Give two medical uses and two non-medical uses for polymers?

A

Medical- dental fillings, removable sticking plasters.

Non-medical- packaging, waterproof fabrics.

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7
Q

How would using biodegradable plastics help with the problems of plastic litter?

A

Because they decompose by the action of microorganisms in soil.

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8
Q

Describe the two ways that cornstarch can be used to help with problems of disposal of plastic waste?

A

It can be added to plastics made from non-biodegradable polymers so they brake down into small pieces. It can be used to make biodegradable plastic.

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9
Q

Write a word equation for the fermentation of sugar using yeast?

A

Sugar -> ethanol + carbon dioxide.

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10
Q

Write a word equation for the hydration of ethene?

A

Ethene + steam -> ethanol.

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11
Q

Give one reason why an oil company might want to crack large hydrocarbons to make smaller alkanes?

A

To make fuels that are more useful.

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