Other organisms

Question 1

-Fungal skin infection
-Caused by dermatophytes
-Three subtypes: Trichophyton, Microsporum, Epidermophyton
Fungal diseases and organisms

Answer 1

Dermatomycosis

Question 2

-Respiratory disease - “Valley fever”
-Caused by Coccidioides immitis
-Spores require dry, alkaline soils
-Wind can carry spores, so passing through endemic areas can make a person sick
Fungal diseases and organisms

Answer 2

Coccidioidomycosis

Question 3

-Respiratory infection
-Caused by Histoplasma capsulatum
-Common in Ohio, Missouri, and Mississippi Delta
-Found in the bodies of bats and fecal matter from birds
-Acquired via inhalation of spores
-Not spread person to person
-Can cause COPD
Fungal diseases and organisms

Answer 3

Histoplasmosis

Question 4

-Usually associated with a weakened immune system
-Can cause systemic infections
-Common strains include Candida albicans and Candida auris
-Often multidrug resistant
Fungal diseases and organisms

Answer 4

Candidiasis

Question 5

-Causes chronic meningitis and pulmonary infections
-Caused by Cryptococcus neoformans
-Often leads to secondary fungal infections
Fungal diseases and organisms

Answer 5

Cryptococcosis (Fungal Meningitis)

Question 6

-Caused by Pneumocystis jirovecii
-Commonly associated with immunosuppression
-Often multidrug resistant
-Commonly exists in the lungs of animals
-Can lead to respiratory failure
Fungal diseases and organisms

Answer 6

Pneumocystis Pneumonia (PCP)

Question 7

-Caused by Entamoeba histolytica
-Spread via fecal-oral route and found in food and water
-Able to form cysts
-Causes gastrointestinal issues
Protozoal diseases

Answer 7

Amoebiasis (Amebic dysentery)

Question 8

-Biological vector is the anopheles mosquito
-Caused by a plasmodium species (*P. falciparum, P. vivax, P. ovale, P. malariae)
-Multiplies in the liver and RBCs
-Symptoms begin with fever and chills but can lead to anemia and hypertrophy of the liver and spleen
Protozoal diseases

Answer 8

Malaria

Question 9

-Caused by Toxoplasma gondii
-Usually spread via contaminated foods and causes systemic symptoms
-Also often spread via contaminated cat feces
-Causes cysts to form in the muscle tissue, the heart, and the brain
-More sever in immunocompromised patients
Protozoal diseases

Answer 9

Toxoplasmosis

Question 10

-Caused by Giardia lamblia
-Found in water supplies
-Spread via fecal-oral route
-Associated with gastrointestinal symptoms
-Can be chronic
Protozoal diseases

Answer 10

Giardiasis

Question 11

-Causes spongiform degeneration of the brain
-Long incubation period
-May be transmitted or inherited
-Usually fatal within a year of symptoms presenting
-Vary rare but no treatment available
Prion disorder

Answer 11

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease