Other interventions

Question 1

When would you use botox?

Answer 1

PES dysfunction - relax it so it opens better. temporary.

Question 2

What is PES dilation?

Answer 2

gradually stretching the PES, tearing the scar tissue or muscle. can be done with soft rubber tubes or a balloon

Question 3

what is cricopharyngeal myotomy?

Answer 3

slitting fibers of muscles of PES from top to bottom to permanently open it.

Question 4

What are some surgical treatments for reduced VF closure?

Answer 4

injections for medialization
medialization laryngoplasty (permanently move one VF closer to midline)

Question 5

What are the types of laryngeal closure?

Answer 5

permanent tracheostomy (potentially reversible; uncommon)
vocal fold closure (VF - nonreversible; false VF - reversible; uncommon)
epiglottic pulldown - suturing the epiglottis to the arytenoids (potentially reversible; uncommon)

Question 6

When would a patient get a laryngeal closure surgery?

Answer 6

patients who are severely neurologically impaired and at severe risk of aspiration

Question 7

what are some surgical treatments for sialorreha?

Answer 7

nerve resection, submandibular gland excision, submandibular duct relocation

Question 8

What are the types of tube feeding?

Answer 8

enteral, parenteral

Question 9

What are the types of enteral feeding?

Answer 9

NG tube, G tube, PEG tube, J tube

Question 10

what are the types of parenteral feeding?

Answer 10

total (TPN): central vein; surgery required

peripheral (PPN): peripheral vein; nurse can do

Question 11

When would a patient receive parenteral feeding?

Answer 11

nonfunctioning GI tract or GI tract needs to rest

Question 12

What are some indicators of malnutrition?

Answer 12

significant weight change, change in functional status, inappropriate food intake, mid arm muscle circumference low, fatigue, apathy, memory loss, poorly healing wounds, loss of subcutaneous fat or muscle mass, fluid retention