Other Drugs

Question 1

What is fomepizole?

Answer 1

Inhibitor of alcohol dehydrogenase - used for ethylene glycol or methanol ingestion

Question 2

What is pralidoxime?

Answer 2

Antidote for cholinergic toxicity (e.g. organophosphates (acetylcholinesterase inhibitor))
Given with atropine to reactive choliesterase

Question 3

Explain salicylate pH shifts

Answer 3

Respiratory alkalosis from direct stimulation of medullary respiration center

Then metabolic acidosis from oxidative phosphorylation cutoff and buildup of lactate, ketoacids

Note tinnitus, fever, tachypnea, nausea, GI disturbance

Question 4

Finasteride

Answer 4

5-alpha reductase inhibitor - inhibits conversion of testosterone to DHT

Question 5

Varenicline mechanism of action

Answer 5

High-affinity nicotine receptor partial agonist

Question 6

P450 inducers

Answer 6

Barbiturates, phenytoin, carbamazepine (these are all also metabolized by P450)

Griseofulvin, rifampin, St. John’s wort

Question 7

P450 inhibitors

Answer 7

Quinidine, cimetidine, grapefruit

Isoniazid, ketoconazole, erythromycin, sulfonamides

Question 8

P450 metabolized

Answer 8

Barbiturates, phenytoin, carbamazepine (all also P450 inducers)
Benzos
Metoprolol, propranolol, nifedipine, warfarin, quinidine
Theophylline, amide anesthetics

Question 9

Risk for digoxin toxicity

Answer 9

Quinidine, cimetidine, amiodarone, CCBs

Question 10

Drug-induced lupus

Answer 10

Procainamide, hydralazine, INH, penicillamine, chlropromazine, methyldopa, quinidine