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IH PF > OTHER BLOOD GROUPS > Flashcards

OTHER BLOOD GROUPS Flashcards

1
Q

On type 1 glycosphingolipids that are passively adsorbed onto the RBC membrane from the
plasma

A

Lewis System - 007

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2
Q

Lewis System - 007 is Named after one of the first individuals to make the _______, reported by Mourant in 1946

A

antibody

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3
Q

_____ and ______ result from the interaction of two fucosyltransferases encoded by independent genes,
Le and Se

A

Lea and Leb

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4
Q

LEWIS PHENOTYPES:

Le (a+b-) RBCS are from ABH _________
Le (a-b+) RBCs are from ABH _________

A

nonsecretors ; secretors

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5
Q

RBC phenotype are either ______ or ________ found frequently among _______

A

secretors or nonsecretors ; africans

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6
Q

Le (a+b+) phenotype: more frequent among _____ than whites or africans

A

Asians

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7
Q

Lewis antigens are not expressed on _______:

  • Found on ______ and _______ and on other tissues
  • _______ to treatment with the enzymes
  • Reactivity of Lewis antibodies can be greatly enhanced by testing with ________
A

cord RBCs ; lymphocytes and platelets ; Resistant ; enzyme-treated RBCs

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8
Q

_______ is present in. all Le(a+b-) and Le(a-b+) RBCs and on 90% of cord RBCS

Previously known as ____

A

Leab ; Lex

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9
Q

naturally occurring

Made by Le(a-b-) persons

IgM

Anti-lea and anti-Leb: can be neutralized by the lewis substance present in plasma or saliva

A

LEWIS ANTIBODIES

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10
Q

most commonly encountered of the lewis antibodies

A

Anti-Lea

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11
Q

Anti-Lea is Often detected in ______, but it sometimes reacts at _____

A

room temperature ; 37C

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12
Q

When fresh serum is tested, anti-lea may cause _______________ (often seen with enzyme-treated RBCs than with untreated RBCs)

A

in vitro hemolysis of incompatible RBCs

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13
Q

binds complement

A

Anti-Leb

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14
Q

_________: reacts best when both the Leb and the H antigens are present on the RBC, (group O and
A2 cells)

A

Anti-lebH

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15
Q

_______ recognizes any Leb antigen regardless of the Abo type

A

Anti-LebL

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16
Q

occurs mainly in Le(a-b-)

A

Anti-Leab

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17
Q

ANO NA NEXT BLOOD GROUP?

A

CONTINUE LANG SIS, P BLOOD GROUP

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18
Q

A P BLOOD GROUP THAT IS A: P1PK blood group system

A

P1 and Pk:

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19
Q

A P BLOOD GROUP THAT IS A:

Globoside blood group system

A

P

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20
Q

A P BLOOD GROUP THAT IS A:

Globoside collection (209), symbol GLOB

A

LKE and PX2

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21
Q

1972 introduced by ________ and ________: they injected rabbits with human RBCs and produced an antibody, initially called ______, that divided human RBCs into two groups:
________

A

Landsteiner and Levine ; anti-P ; P+ and P-

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22
Q

1951, __________ described anti-Tja (now known as ________), an antibody to high-prevalence antigen that Sanger later showed was related to the P blood group

A

Levine and colleagues ; anti-PP1PK

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23
Q

1959 when ___________ described a new antigen, Pk

A

Matson and coworkers

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24
Q

____________: 1965, Tippett and colleagues described an antibody in the serum of a patient with Hodgkin’s lymphoma

A

LUKE (LKE) Antigen

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25
Q

P system antigens also serves as receptors for ______________ - a cause of urinary tract infections

A

P- fimbriated uropathogenic E.coli

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26
Q

__________ receptor for shiga toxins, and E.coli

A

Pk antigen:

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27
Q

____ receptor of human parvovirus B19

A

P:

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28
Q

slightly more common in Japan, North Sweden, and in an Amish group in Ohio

A

P nulls (p phenotype)

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29
Q

P blood group antigens are resistant to _________

Reactivity of the antibodies can be greatly enhanced by testing with __________

Exist as _________

A

treatment with enzymes ; enzyme-treated RBCs ; glycosphingolipids

30
Q

P and Pk: found in plasma as __________ and __________ in hydatid cyst fluid

A

glycosphingolipids and as glycoproteins

31
Q

P1 antigen is poorly expressed at birth; may take up to _____ be fully expressed

Deteriorates rapidly on storage

When older RBCs are typed or used as controls for typing reagents or when older RBCs are used to detect anti-P1 in serum, _______ reactions may result

A

7 years ; false-
negative

32
Q

common, naturally occurring IgM

Produced by P1-individuals

Weak, cold-reactive saline agglutinin optimally reactive at 4C

Antibody activity can be neutralized or inhibited with soluble P1 substance

A

Anti-P1

33
Q

Discovery of strong anti-P1 and two P1 individuals infected with Echinocococcus granulosus tapeworms

Identification of P1 and Pk substance in _________ fluid

A

hydatid cyst

34
Q

Anti-P1 found in patients with ________ (bovine liver fluke disease) and in ________

A

fascioliasis ; bird handlers

35
Q

originally called anti-Tja

A

Anti-PP1P^k

36
Q

First described in the serum of Mrs. Jay, a p individual with adenocarcinoma of the stomach

Her tumor cells carried P system antigens. And the antibody was credited has having cytotoxic properties that may have helped prevent a metastatic growth postsurgery ( the T in the Tj refers to tumor)

A

Anti-PP1P^k

37
Q

Anti-PP1P^k is:

Produced by _________

Naturally occurring: _____ and _____

Reacts with all RBCs except those of the _______

Efficiently bind complement, which makes them potent _______

Has the potential to cause severe ______ and ______

Associated with an increase incidence of spontaneous abortions in early pregnancy

A

p individuals ; Igm and IgG ; p phenotype ; hemolysins ; HTRs and HDFN

38
Q

In the sera of Pk individuals

Potent hemolysin reacting with all cells except the autocontrol and those with the p phenotype

Does not react with cells that have the extremely rare Pk phenotype,

Associated with habitual early abortion

A

Alloanti-P/anti-P

39
Q

also associated with the cold-reactive IgG autoantibody in patients with paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria (PCH)

A

Autoanti-P:

40
Q

Transient, acute condition secondary to viral infectios, especially in young children

A

Autoanti-P:

41
Q

(Autoanti-P)

__________: In vitro, the antibody binds to RBCs in the cold, and , via complement activation, the coated
RBCs lyse as they are warmed to 37C

A

Biphasic hemolysin

42
Q

(Autoanti-P)

Demonstrable only by the __________

A

Donath-Landsteiner test

43
Q

ano na next teh

A

I blood group

44
Q

1956, _____ and coworkers gave a name calling its antigen I for “individuality”

A

Wiener

45
Q

1960, _____ and ______ reported finding anti-I

A

Marsh and Jenkin

46
Q

Branched carbohydrate structure

A

I

47
Q

linear carbohydrate structure

A

i

48
Q

high prevalence antigens

A

I and i

49
Q

(The I (027) System and I Antigen)

Conditions associated with increased I antigen on RBCs include those with shortened __________ time or ________:

acute leukemia, hypoplastic anemia, megaloblastic anemia, sideroblastic anemia, thalassemia, sickle cell disease, paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) and chronic
hemolytic anemia

A

marrow mutation ; dyserythropoiesis

50
Q

(The I (027) System and I Antigen)

In Asians, the adult I phenotype has been associated with _____________

A

congenital cataracts

51
Q

The I and i antigens are resistant to treatment with _____ and ___________

A

DTT and glycine-acid EDTA

52
Q

common autoantibody that can be found in virtually all sera

NOT associated with in vivo RBC destruction

Usually a weak, naturally occurring, saline reactive IgM agglutinin

A

Anti-I

53
Q

type that is associated w/ cold agglutinin disease

consist of strong IgM agglutinins w/ high titer and a broad thermal range of activity, reacting up to 30C

A

Pathogenic autoanti-I

54
Q

this production of autoanti-I may be stimulated by microorganisms carrying I-like antigen on their surface

Patients with M.pneumoniae often develop strong cold agglutinins with I specificty

A

Autoanti-I

55
Q

________ is a fairly rare antibody that gives strong reactions with cord RBCs and weaker reactions with I adult RBCs and Iadult RBCs and weaker reactions with I adult RBCs

A

Autoanti-i

56
Q

(most examples of autoanti-i are:) ____ and react best with _______ cells at ___

A

IgM ; saline suspended ; 4C

57
Q

(THE I^T ANTIGEN AND ANTIBODY)

1965, ______ and coworkers reported a cold agglutinin in Melanesians that did not demonstrate classical I or i specificity

A

Curtain

58
Q

(THE I^T ANTIGEN AND ANTIBODY)

1966, ______ and colleagues confirmed these observations and described the agglutinin’s reactivity

A

Booth

59
Q

reacted strongly with cord RBCs, weakly with normal adult RBCs, and most weakly with adult i
RBCs

A

(THE I^T ANTIGEN AND ANTIBODY)

60
Q

(THE I^T ANTIGEN AND ANTIBODY)

transition state of i into I and designated the _______ (T for “transition”)

A

specificity IT

61
Q

IgM IT: found in two populations: ________ and the ___________ in Venezuela

A

Melanesians ; Yanomama Indians

62
Q

IgM and IgG anti-IT reacting preferentially at 37°C have also been found in patients with
_______________, with a special association with ___________

A

warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia ; Hodgkin’s disease

63
Q

(MNS 002 SYSTEM)

began immunizing rabbits with human RBCs

Among the antibodies recovered from these rabbit sera were anti-M and anti-N.

A

1927 -Landsteiner and Levine

64
Q

(MNS 002 SYSTEM)

discovered S, a distinct antigen that appeared to be genetically linked to M and N

A

1947 - Walsh and Montgomery

65
Q

(MNS 002 SYSTEM)

1951; antithetical partner, __, was discovered

A

s

66
Q

Common haplotypes in the following order of relative frequency:

A

Ns > Ms > MS > NS

67
Q

(MNS (002) System)

1953 - Weiner : an antibody to a high-prevalence antigen, ___

A

U

68
Q

observed that all U– RBCs were also S–s– resulted in the inclusion of U into the system.

A

Greenwalt and colleagues

69
Q

(MNS (002) System)

Most of these antigens are of low prevalence and were discovered in cases of ______ OR _________

A

HDFN or incompatible
crossmatch.

70
Q

MNS antigens are located on _______

A

chromosome 4

71
Q

MNS blood group system is assigned the ISBT number ____ (symbol MNS), second after ABO.

A

002

72
Q
A

IH PF (6 decks)

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