other Flashcards
(44 cards)
what is the investigation of choice for reflux nephropathy?
micturating cystography
example of coagulase negative staphylococcal species?
staphylococcus epideermis
most common cause of peritonitis secondary to peritoneal dialysiS… AND why ?
staphylococcus epidermis
pathogen colonises the skin & hands and patient or the carer will then contaminate the dialysis equiptment
what tests should be conducted in a patient with suspected anaemia of chronic disease secondary to CKD?
follow up iron studies
most common viral infection in solid organ transplant recipients?
CMV
side effects of EPO
- Bone aches
- flu like symptoms
- skin rashes
2 episodes of painless frank haematuria - how should this be investigated?
Urgent 2 week wait referral on cancer pathway
Cystoscopy
what is gold standard for bladder cancer?
cystoscopy
acid base imbalance seen in salicylic acid overdose (aspirin)
Mixed resp alkalosis & metabolic acidosis & raised anion gap due to circulating salicylic acid
symptoms caused by amitriptyline overdose?
dry eyes, dry mouth, urinary retention, flushing. tachycardia
hereditary cause of diabetes insipidue?
hereditary haemochromatosis
5 causes of persistent non visible haematuria
- Cancer
- Stones
- BPH
- Prostatitis
- Urethritis
- Renal cause: IgA nephropathy
what lab test is rhabdomyolysis characterised by?
raised plasma creatine kinase
medication causing nephrogenic diabetes insipidus
lithium
which type of DI responds to exogenous ADH?
cranial does
why is nephrotic syndrome associated with a hypercoagulable state?
due to loss of antithrombin 3 via kidneys
most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in adults?
Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis
what group of medx can cause acute intersitial nephritis (3)
NSADIs e.g. diclofenac
salicylates
ACEi
DIuretics
loop diuretic to prevent formation of ascites in patients with chronic liver diasease?
Aldosterone antagonists e.g. spironolactone
which nephrotic syndrome may be assocuated with Lupus
membranous glomerulonephritis
potassium requirement for maintainance fluids?
1 mmol/kg/day
what is the prognosis for minimal change disease?
1/3 = infreq relapses
2/3 = later recurrent episodes
how are maintenance fluids for children given?
100 ml for every kg up to 10 kg
50 ml for every kg between 10 and 20kg
20 ml for every subsequent kg from 20kg up
what is hyperacute transplant rejection caused by?
pre existing antibodies against ABO or HLA antigens